Chứng minh: \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{2^2}+\frac{3}{2^3}+..+\frac{n}{2^n}+...+\frac{2013}{2^{2013}}+\frac{2014}{2^{2014}}<2\)
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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\); \(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\); ......... ; \(\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+........+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2013}{2014}\left(đpcm\right)\)
gọi dãy số trên là A
ta có A<\(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
A<1-\(\frac{1}{2014}\)=\(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
Vậy A < \(\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Xét mẫu:
\(\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
= \(\left(1+\frac{2013}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2012}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{2014}\right)+1\)
= \(\frac{2014}{2}+\frac{2014}{3}+....+\frac{2014}{2013}+\frac{2014}{2014}\)
= \(2014\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2014.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2014}\)
Xét Tử số của A ta có:
\(2014+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+....+\frac{2}{2013}=1+\left(\frac{2013}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2012}{3}+1\right)+....+\left(\frac{1}{2014}+1\right)\)\(TS=\frac{2015}{2}+\frac{2015}{3}+....+\frac{2015}{2014}+\frac{2015}{2015}\)
\(TS=2015.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2015}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{2015.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2015}\right)}=2015\)