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ĐKXĐ: \(-3\le x\le6\)
Trước hết ta chứng minh:
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}\le3\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác điều này hiển nhiên do bất đẳng thức Bunyakovski:
\(VT\le\sqrt{2\left[\left(x+3\right)+\left(6-x\right)\right]}=3\sqrt{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x+3=6-x\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Mặt khác theo AM-GM:
\(6\sqrt{2x+6}-2x-13=2\sqrt{9\left(2x+6\right)}-2x-13\le\left[9+\left(2x+6\right)\right]-2x-13=2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=\dfrac{3}{2}.$
Từ đây thu được \(VT\le VP.\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi $x=\dfrac{3}{2}.$
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le5\)
Pt tương đương:
\(\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{5-x}=2x+6\)
Ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{x+3}+4.1.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{2}.2.\sqrt{5-x}\)
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+x+3\right)+2\left(1+x\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(4+5-x\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2x+6=VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}=2\\\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{5-x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Từ bước trên xuống bước dưới áp dụng công thức nào vậy thầy - Nhờ thầy chỉ rõ hơn.
Trân trọng!
ĐK: \(-3\le x\le6\)
\(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(6-x\right)}=3\)(1)
Đặt a=\(\sqrt{x+3}\left(a\ge0\right)\),b=\(\sqrt{6-x}\left(b\ge0\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=9\)
Vậy (1)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab=3\)
Vậy ta có hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=9\\a+b-ab=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=9\\a+b-ab=3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=9\\2\left(a+b\right)-2ab=6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-15=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b-3\right)\left(a+b+5\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b-3=0\\a+b+5=0\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=3\)
Vậy \(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}=3\)
Mà \(\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}-\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(6-x\right)}=3\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt{\left(x+3\right)\left(6-x\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\6-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={-3;6}
\(x+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x^2+3x}=6\left(đk:x\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{x\left(x+3\right)}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}\right)=6\)
Do \(x\ge0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\ge0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}\ge\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{3}\ge\sqrt{x}+1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+1=2\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+1=1\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}=6\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(tm\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x+3}=6\left(VLý\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1\right\}\)
a.
ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(7-x\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=7-x\\x-1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b. ĐKXĐ: ...
Biến đổi pt đầu:
\(x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)^2=\sqrt{y-1}-\sqrt{x}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y-1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2-b^4=b-a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+a-b=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2\left(a+b\right)+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y-1}\Rightarrow y=x+1\)
Thế vào pt dưới:
\(3\sqrt{5-x}+3\sqrt{5x-4}=2x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{5x-4}\right)+7-x-3\sqrt{5-x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x^2-5x+4\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+4}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{1}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\dfrac{x^2-3x+6-x^2+3x-6}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+6}-\sqrt{x^2-3x+3}}=3\)
=>căn x^2-3x+6-căn x^2-3x+3=1
Đặt x^2-3x+3=a
=>căn a+3-căn a=1
=>a+3+a-2căn a^2+3a=1
=>2*căn (a^2+3a)=2a+3-1=2a+2
=>căn a^2+3a=a+1
=>a^2+3a=a^2+2a+1
=>a=1
=>x^2-3x+2=0
=>x=1 hoặc x=2
`\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{6-x}=\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}+3(-3<=x<=6)`
`<=>x+3+6-x=(x+3)(6-x)+9+6\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}`
`<=>9=9+(x+3)(6-x)+6\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}`
`<=>(x+3)(6-x)+6\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}=0`
`<=>\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}(\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}+6)=0`
`<=>\sqrt{(x+3)(6-x)}=0`
`<=>x=-3\or\x=6`
Vậy `S={-3,6}`