Chứng tỏ rằng biểu thức B=\(\sqrt{1+2014^2+\frac{2014^2}{2015^2}}+\frac{2014}{2015}\) có giá trị là một số nguyên.
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a,a=b+1
suy ra a-b=1 suy ra(\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\))(\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\))=1
suy ra \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\)=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\)(1)
vì a=b+1 suy ra a>b suy ra \(\sqrt{a}>\sqrt{b}\)suy ra \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}>2\sqrt{b}\)
suy ra \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}\)(2)
từ (1) ,(2) suy ra\(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{b}}\)suy ra \(2\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)< \frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\)(*)
ta lại có b+1=c+2 suy ra b-c =1 suy ra\(\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)=1\)
suy ra \(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)(3)
vì b>c suy ra \(\sqrt{b}>\sqrt{c}\) suy ra \(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}>2\sqrt{c}\)
suy ra \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\)(4)
Từ (3),(4) suy ra \(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{c}}\) suy ra\(2\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)< \frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\)(**)
từ (*),(**) suy ra đccm
Ta có \(2015^2=\left(2014+1\right)^2=2014^2+2.2014+1\)
=> \(2014^2+1=2015^2-2.2014\)
=> \(B=\sqrt{1+2014^2+\frac{2014^2}{2015^2}}+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
= \(\sqrt{2015^2-2.2014+\frac{2014^2}{2015^2}}+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
= \(\sqrt{\left(2015-\frac{2014}{2015}\right)^2}+\frac{2014}{2015}\) = \(2015-\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
= \(2015\) là số nguyên
=> đpcm
Đặt: n=2014
Ta có: \(1+n^2+\left(\frac{n}{n+1}\right)^2=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2\left(n^2+2n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2+2n^2\left(n+1\right)+n^4}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n^2+n+1\right)^2}{\left(n+1\right)^2}=\left(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)+1}{n+1}\right)^2=\left(n+\frac{1}{n+1}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+n^2+\left(\frac{n}{n+1}\right)^2}=n+\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=2014+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{2014}{2015}=2015\)
Chứng minh \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\) rồi áp dụng với n = 1,2,....,2014
ta có: \(A=\sqrt{1+2.2014+2014^2-2.2014+\frac{2014^2}{2015^2}}+\frac{2014}{2015}.\)
\(A=\sqrt{2015^2-2.2015.\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2014^2}{2015^2}}+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\left(2015-\frac{2014}{2015}\right)^2}+\frac{2014}{2015}\)
\(A=2015-\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2014}{2015}=2015\)
Vậy A=2015
\(\sqrt{2014^2\left(\frac{1}{2014^2}+1+\frac{1}{2015^2}\right)}-\frac{2014}{2015}=2014\sqrt{\left(1+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)^2}-\frac{2014}{2015}\)
\(=2014\left(1+\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}\right)-\frac{2014}{2015}=2015\)
\(B=\sqrt{2014^2\left(1+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)^2}+\frac{2014}{2015}=2015\)