Phân tích các đa thức thành nhân tử sau:
a)\(x^3+6x^2+12x+8\)
b) \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
c) \(1-9x+27x^3-27x^3\)
d) \(x^3+\frac{3}{2}x^2+\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{1}{8}\)
e) \(27x^3-54x^2y+36xy^2-8y\)
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a) \(x^3+6x^2+12x+8\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
b) \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
c) \(1-9x+27x^2-27x^3\)
\(=-\left(27x^3-27x^2+9x-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(3x-1\right)^3\)
a, \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
b, \(1-9x+27x^2-27x^3=-\left(3x-1\right)^3\)
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Bài 4:
a) Ta có: \(x^3+6x^2+12x+8\)
\(=x^3+2x^2+4x^2+8x+4x+8\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2\right)+4x\left(x+2\right)+4\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^3\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\)
\(=x^3-x^2-2x^2+2x+x-1\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^3\)
c) Ta có: \(1-9x+27x^2-27x^3\)
\(=1-3x-6x+18x^2+9x^2-27x^3\)
\(=\left(1-3x\right)-6x\left(1-3x\right)+9x^2\left(1-3x\right)\)
\(=\left(1-3x\right)\left(1-6x+9x^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1-3x\right)^3\)
d) Ta có: \(x^3+\frac{3}{2}x^2+\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{1}{8}\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot\frac{1}{2}+3\cdot x\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
e) Ta có: \(27x^3-54x^2y+36xy^2-8y^3\)
\(=\left(3x\right)^3-3\cdot\left(3x\right)^2\cdot2y+3\cdot3x\cdot\left(2y\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(3x-2y\right)^3\)
a) \(27x^3+27x^2+9x+1=\left(3x+1\right)^3\)
b) \(-x^3-3x^2-3x-1=-\left(x^3+3x^2+3x+1\right)=-\left(x+1\right)^3\)
c) \(-8+12x-6x^2+x^3=\left(x-2\right)^3\)
a) 9x4+16y6-24x2y3
=(3x2)2-2.3x2.4y3+(4y3)2
=(3x2-4y3)2
b) 16x2-24xy+9y2
=(4x)2-2.4x.3y+(3y)2
=(4x-3y)2
c) 36x2-(3x-2)2
=(36x-3x+2)(36x+3x-2)
=(33x+2)(39x-2)
d) 27x3+54x2y+36xy2+8y3
=(3x)3+3.(3x)2.2y+3.3x.(2y)2+(2y)3
=(3x+2y)3
e) y9-9x2y6+27x4y3-27x6
=(y3)3-3.(y3)2.3x2+3.y3.(3x2)2-(3x2)3
=(y3-3x2)3
f) 64x3+1
= (4x)3+13
=(4x+1)[(4x)2-4x.1+12]
=(4x+1)(16x2-4x+1)
e) 27x6-8x3 *sửa đề*
=(3x2)3-(2x)3
=(3x2-2x)[(3x)2+3x2.2x+(2x)2]
=(3x2-2x)(9x2+6x3+4x2)
~~~
\(\left(x-1\right)^2-25\)
\(=x^2-2x+1-25\)
\(=x^2-2x-24\)
\(=x^2-6x+4x-24\)
\(=x.\left(x-6\right)+4.\left(x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+4\right).\left(x-6\right)\)
a, \(1-2y+y^2=\left(y+1\right)^2=\left(y+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
b, \(\left(x+1\right)^2-25=\left(x+1\right)^2-5^2=\left(x+1-5\right)\left(x+1+5\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
c, \(1-4x^2=1^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
d, \(8-27x^3=2^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
Bài làm:
a, 1-4x2
=1-(2x)2
=(1-2x).(1+2x)
b, 8-27x3
=23-(3x)3
=(2-3x).(4+6x+9x2)
Các câu còn lại bạn dùng hằng đẳng thức là phân tích được ra thôi
1 - 4x^2
= 1^2 - ( 2x )^2
= ( 1 - 2x ) ( 1 + 2x )
8 - 27x^ 3
= 2^3 - ( 3x )^3
= ( 2 - 3x ) [ 2^2 + 2 * 3x + ( 3x )^2 ]
= ( 2 - 3x ) ( 4 + 6x + 9x^2 )
= ( 2 - 3x ) ( 9x^2 + 6x + 4 )
27 + 27x + 9x^2 + x^3
= x^3 + 9x^2 + 27x + 27
= x^3 + 3x^2 + 6x^2 + 18x + 9x + 27
= x^2 ( x + 3 ) + 6x ( x + 3 ) + 9 ( x + 3 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x^2 + 6x + 9 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x + 3 )^2
= ( x + 3 )^3
x^2 + 4x - 5
= x^2 - x + 5x - 5
= x ( x - 1 ) + 5 ( x - 1 )
= ( x + 1 ) ( x - 5 )
a=(x+2)^3
b=(x-1)^3
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