Bài 5.Cho 6,5 g Zn tác dụng vừa đủ với dd axit H2SO4 thu được V l khí H2 dktc. Dẫn toàn bộ lượng khí H2 này qua bột CuO nung nóng cho đến khi hết khí H2.Tính khối lượng Cu tạo thành.
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\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19.5}{65}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{36}{80}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(0.3.....................................0.3\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Cu+H_2O\)
\(0.3.......0.3.....0.3....0.3\)
\(m_{Cr}=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left(0.45-0.3\right)\cdot80+0.3\cdot64=31.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0.3\cdot18=5.4\left(g\right)\)
Chúc em học tốt !!
Zn+H2SO4→ZnSO4+H2 bạn biến đổi nó ra phương trình này kiểu gì vậy?
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,6 0,9 0,3 0,9
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{57}{64}=0,890625\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,890625 0,890625
\(H=\dfrac{0,890625}{0,9}=99\%\)
a/ \(Zn+H_2SO_{4_{loãng}}\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b/ \(n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Vì ta có tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\) nên \(H_2SO_4\) dư
\(n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,3\times22,4=6,72\left(lít\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a_____________________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a (mol)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b____________________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{11}\cdot100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}=50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) H2 còn dư, tính theo CuO
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi n Al = a ( mol ) , n Fe = b ( mol )
Có: n H2 = 0,4 ( mol )
PTHH
2AL + 6HCL ===> 2ALCL3 + 3H2
a--------------------------------------a
Fe + 2HCl ====> FeCL2 + H2
b------------------------------------b
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=11\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> m AL = 5,4 ( g ) ; m Fe = 5,6 ( g )
b) Có : n CuO = 0,2 ( mol )
PTHH:
CuO + H2 ====> Cu +H2O
0,2----0,2-----------0,2
theo pthh: n Cu = 0,2 ( mol ) => m Cu = 12,8 ( g )
a, Ta có:
nZn = 13/65= 0,2(mol)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
0,2-----------------------------------0,2
Theo PT : nZnSO4 = 0,2.1/1 = 0,2(mol)
mZnSO4 = 0,2. 161 = 32,2(g)
b, Ta có:
Theo PT : nH2 = 0,2.1/1 = 0,2(mol)
VH2(đktc) = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48(l)
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
0,2-----0,2
=>m Cu=0,2.64=12,8g
Cậu ơi cho tớ hỏi ngu tý là cái mà "0,2---------0,2" là ntn vậy ạ :"))?
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
b, Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=11\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27.100\%}{11}=49,09\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,09\%=50,91\%\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ CuO hết, H2 dư
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,2
\(m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(m_{Al}=a\left(g\right)\left(0< a< 11\right)\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Fe}=11-a\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11-a}{56}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\dfrac{a}{27}\) \(\dfrac{a}{18}\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\) \(\dfrac{11-a}{56}\)
\(\rightarrow pt:\dfrac{a}{18}+\dfrac{11-a}{56}=0,4\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Al}=a=5,4\left(g\right)\left(TM\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{11}=49,1\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-49,1\%=50,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
LTL: \(0,2< 0,4\rightarrow\) H2 dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)
Theo gt ta có: $n_{Zn}=0,1(mol);n_{CuO}=0,25(mol)$
a, $Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2$
$CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O$
b, Ta có: $n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=13,6(g)$
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)$
Sau phản ứng chất còn dư là CuO dư 0,15 mol
$\Rightarrow m_{CuO/du}=12(g)$
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
b)
n ZnCl2 = n Zn = 6,5/65 = 0,1(mol)
=> m ZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 13,6(gam)
c) n H2 = n Zn = 0,1 mol
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
n CuO = 20/80 = 0,25 > n H2 = 0,1 nên CuO dư
n CuO pư = n H2 = 0,1 mol
=> m CuO dư = 20 - 0,1.80 = 12(gam)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.05................................0.05\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{6}{80}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1............1\)
\(0.075......0.05\)
Chất khử : H2 . Chất OXH : CuO
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.075}{1}>\dfrac{0.05}{1}\Rightarrow CuOdư\)
\(m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.075-0.05\right)\cdot64=1.6\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(Mg+H_2SO_{4\left(l\right)}\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b, PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,5.64=32\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
H2 + CuO ---to---> Cu + H2O (2)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)