cho các số thực dương tm: \(x+y+z=< \sqrt{3}\) tìm GTLN của M=\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2+1}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2+1}}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+a^2}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+b^2}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{ab+bc+ca+c^2}}\)
\(P=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{a+b}.\dfrac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{a+b}.\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{c+a}.\dfrac{c}{2\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2a}{a+b}+\dfrac{2a}{a+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{2c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{2\left(c+b\right)}\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{9}{4}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\right)\) hay \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{7};\sqrt{15};\sqrt{15}\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
bài này dễ nhưng bạn phải chứng minh bđt này đã:
\(\frac{1}{a+b+c+d}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)\)
với a;b;c;d là các số dương
bạn có thể cm bđt trên bằng cách biến đổi tương đương hoặc cm bđt Schwat (Sơ-vác)
Mình là 1 phần tử đại diện còn lại là hoàn toàn tt nhé
ta có \(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}=\frac{1}{2\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
Tương tự ta cm được
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}.4\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{4}.3=\frac{3}{4}\)
dấu "=" khi x=y=z
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z-x\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki, ta có:
\(\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(1+16\right)\ge\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2\) => \(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)^2}{17}\)
=> \(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}\ge\frac{x+\frac{4}{x}}{\sqrt{17}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{x\sqrt{17}}\)
CMTT: \(\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{y}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}y}\)
\(\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\ge\frac{z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}z}\)
=> A \(\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge\frac{x+y+z}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(bđt: 1/a + 1/b + 1/c > = 9/(a+b+c)
=> A \(\ge\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}+\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}-\frac{15\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\)
A \(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\left(x+y+z\right)}{\sqrt{17}}\cdot\frac{36}{\sqrt{17}\left(x+y+z\right)}}-\frac{15\cdot\frac{3}{2}}{\sqrt{17}}\)(Bđt cosi + bđt: x + y + z < = 3/2)
A \(\ge\frac{48}{\sqrt{17}}-\frac{45}{2\sqrt{17}}=\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y= z = 1/2
Vậy MinA = \(\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\) <=> x = y = z = 1/2
Theo điều kiện giả thiết, ta có:\(\sqrt{3}\ge x+y+z\Rightarrow3\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\le1\)\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{x}{\sqrt{x^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y^2+xy+yz+zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z^2+xy+yz+zx}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+x}.\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\)\(\le\frac{\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)