Cho a,b,c,d,e là các số thực. CM:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
So i dì:))
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\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2-4ab-4ac-4ad-4ae\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ac+4c^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ad+4d^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ae+4e^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
Vậy ...
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
<=>(a2-4ab+4b2)+(a2-4ac+4c2)+(a2-4ad+4d2)+(a2-4ae+e2)\(\ge\)0
<=>(a-2b)2+(a-2c)2+(a-2d)2+(a-2e)2\(\ge\)0 (luôn đúng)
=>dpcm
Với mọi a;b;c;d;e ta có:
\(\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
BĐT
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2-\left(4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-4ab+4b^2+a^2-4ac+4c^2+a^2-4ad+4d^2+a^2-4ae+4e^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\), luôn đúng với \(\forall a,b,c,d,e\in R\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=2b=2c=2d=2e\)
\(a+b+c+d+e\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-kb\right)^2+\left(a-kc\right)^2+\left(a-kd\right)^2+\left(a-ke\right)^2\ge0\)
Ta chọn \(k=2\)hay nhân 2 vế với 4
*Xét hiệu 2 vế bất đẳng thức.
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(=\frac{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\right)-4\left(ab+ac+ad+ae\right)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ac+4c^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ad+4d^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ae+4e^2\right)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi\(a=2b=2c=2d=2e\)
Bất đẳng thức đã cho tương đương với:
\[{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2} - a\left( {b + c + d + e} \right) \ge 0\]
\[ \Leftrightarrow {a^2} - a\left( {b + c + d + e} \right) + {b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2} \ge 0\]
Xét tam thức bậc hai: $f\left( a \right) = {a^2} - a\left( {b + c + d + e} \right) + {b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2}$
Ta có: $\Delta = {\left( {b + c + d + e} \right)^2} - 4\left( {{b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2}} \right)$
Theo bất đẳng thức BCS, ta có: \[{\left( {b + c + d + e} \right)^2} \le \left( {1 + 1 + 1 + 1} \right)\left( {{b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2}} \right) = 4\left( {{b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2}} \right)\]
Suy ra: \[\Delta = {\left( {b + c + d + e} \right)^2} - 4\left( {{b^2} + {c^2} + {d^2} + {e^2}} \right) \le 0 \Rightarrow f\left( a \right) \ge 0,\,\,\forall a \in \mathbb{R} \]
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^6+b^6+a^5b+ab^5\ge a^6+b^5+a^4b^2+a^2b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5b-a^4b^2+ab^5-a^2b^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b\left(a-b\right)-ab^4\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
f/ \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}+a^2b^2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^8b^2}{b^2}}=2a^4\) ; \(\frac{b^6}{a^2}+a^2b^2\ge2b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge2a^4+2b^4-2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^4+b^4-2a^2b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge a^4+b^4\)
a/ \(VT=a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\)
\(VT=a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(VT\ge6\sqrt[6]{a^6b^6c^6}=6\left|abc\right|\ge6abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b+b^3-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Xét hiệu:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-ab-ac-ad-ae\)
\(=\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ab+b^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ac+c^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ad+d^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ae+e^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\)
Do \(\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b;\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\);\(\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2\ge0\forall a,d;\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\forall a,e\)Do đó:
\(\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu"="xảy ra khi \(b=c=d=e=\frac{a}{2}\)
ô kê :))
a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ≥ a( b + c + d + e )
<=> a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ≥ ab + ac + ad + ae
Nhân 4 vào từng vế ta được
<=> 4( a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ) ≥ 4( ab + ac + ad + ae )
<=> 4a2 + 4b2 + 4c2 + 4d2 + 4e2 ≥ 4ab + 4ac + 4ad + 4ae
<=> 4a2 + 4b2 + 4c2 + 4d2 + 4e2 - 4ab - 4ac - 4ad - 4ae ≥ 0
<=> ( a2 - 4ab + 4b2 ) + ( a2 - 4ac + 4c2 ) + ( a2 - 4ad + 4d2 ) + ( a2 - 4ae + 4e2 ) ≥ 0
<=> ( a - 2b )2 + ( a - 2c )2 + ( a - 2d )2 + ( a - 2e )2 ≥ 0 ( đúng )
Vậy bđt được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> b = c = d = e = a/2