Chứng minh rằng : 1/2^3 + 1/3^3 + 1/4^3 + ..... + 1/2140^3 < 2/3
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b: \(=\dfrac{3a-9-2a-6-6}{\left(a+3\right)\left(a-3\right)}=\dfrac{a-15}{a^2-9}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+\frac{4}{3^4}+...+\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+\frac{4}{3^3}+...+\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow6A=3+1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=3-\frac{101}{3^{99}}+\frac{100}{3^{100}}=3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{3-\frac{203}{3^{100}}}{4}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{203}{3^{100}.4}< \frac{3}{4}\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)
a: \(A=\dfrac{2\cdot8^4\cdot27^2+44\cdot6^9}{2^7\cdot6^7+2^7\cdot40\cdot9^4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot2^{12}\cdot3^6+2^2\cdot11\cdot2^9\cdot3^9}{2^7\cdot3^7\cdot2^7+2^7\cdot2^3\cdot5\cdot3^8}\)
\(=\dfrac{2^{13}\cdot3^6+2^{11}\cdot3^9\cdot11}{2^{14}\cdot3^7+2^{10}\cdot5\cdot3^8}\)
\(=\dfrac{2^{11}\cdot3^6\left(2^2+3^3\cdot11\right)}{2^{10}\cdot3^7\left(2^4+5\cdot3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot301}{3\cdot31}=\dfrac{602}{93}\)
\(2\left(3+1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=8\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3^2-1\right)\left(3^2+1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3^4-1\right)\left(3^4+1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3^8-1\right)\left(3^8+1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3^{16}-1\right)\left(3^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=3^{32}-1< 3^{32}\)
Gợi ý: Sử dụng liên tục tính chất \(a^2-b^2=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
2(3 + 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1)
= (3 - 1)(3 + 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1)
= (32 - 1)(32 + 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1)
= (34 - 1)(34 + 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1)
= (38 - 1)(38 + 1)(316 + 1)
= (316 - 1)(316 + 1)
= 332 - 1 < 332
d) \(2x^3+3x^2+3x+1=2x^3+x^2+2x^2+x+2x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(2x+1\right)+x\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)=\left(2x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
e) \(2x^3-5x^2+5x-3=2x^3-3x^2-2x^2+3x+2x-3\)
\(=x^2\left(2x-3\right)-x\left(2x-3\right)+\left(2x-3\right)=\left(2x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
$C=1+3^2+3^3+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+(3^7+3^8+3^9)+....+(3^{97}+3^{98}+3^{99})$
$=37+3^4(1+3+3^2)+3^7(1+3+3^2)+...+3^{97}(1+3+3^2)$
$=11+13.2+(1+3+3^2)(3^4+3^7+...+3^{97})$
$=11+13.2+13(3^4+3^7+...+3^{97})$
$=11+13(2+3^4+3^7+....+3^{97})$
$\Rightarrow C$ chia $13$ dư $11$.
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{2140.2141}\)
Có \(\frac{1}{2^3}< \frac{1}{2.3};\frac{1}{3^3}< \frac{1}{3.4};...;\frac{1}{2140^3}< \frac{1}{2140.2141}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< A\). Từ đó ta tính được A
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2140}-\frac{1}{2141}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2141}\Rightarrow A>\frac{1}{2}\). Mà \(\frac{1}{2}< \frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow A< \frac{2}{3}\)
Có \(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< A\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{2140^3}< \frac{2}{3}\)