Cho a,b,c là các số dương thỏa mãn \(\frac{1}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge1\)
Chứng minh \(a+b+c\ge ab+bc+ca\)
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1,
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Theo giả thiết, ta có: \(\frac{1}{a+b+1}+\frac{1}{b+c+1}+\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge1\)\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{a+b+1}+1-\frac{1}{b+c+1}+1-\frac{1}{c+a+1}\le2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{a+b+1}+\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\le2\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức, ta được: \(\frac{a+b}{a+b+1}+\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\)\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+1\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Từ đó suy ra \(\frac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}\le2\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2\) \(\le2\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Sửa đề: Cho a, b, c là các số thực dương thỏa mãn điều kiện abc=1. Chứng minh rằng
\(\frac{1}{ab+b+2}+\frac{1}{bc+c+2}+\frac{1}{ca+a+2}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+b+2}=\frac{1}{ab+1+b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\right)\) \(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{abc}{ab\left(1+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{1}{b+1}\right)\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{bc+c+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{ca+a+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế các bđt trên ta được
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy bđt được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Vì a+b+c=1 nên \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)=2+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\)
Do đó
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\right)+\left(\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{bc}\right)+\left(\frac{ca}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}\right)+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}\cdot\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}}+2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{c^2+b^2}\cdot\frac{c^2+b^2}{bc}}+2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{ca}}+\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=2\cdot\frac{1}{2}+2\cdot\frac{1}{2}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{15}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự cộng lại suy ra \(VT\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Suy ra sai đề :)
1. Đề thiếu
2. BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta có:
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}.3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\) (đpcm)
3.
Ta có:
\(\left(a^6+b^6+1\right)\left(1+1+1\right)\ge\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+1+b^3+c^3+1+c^3+a^3+1\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Lại có:
\(a^3+b^3+1\ge3ab\) ; \(b^3+c^3+1\ge3bc\) ; \(c^3+a^3+1\ge3ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
4.
Ta có:
\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\) ; \(b^3+1+1\ge3b\) ; \(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
5.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\) ; \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}\) ; \(\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{c}}\le\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}=1\)
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Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a+b+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+1}\le\frac{a+b+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{b+c+1}\le\frac{b+c+a^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\) ; \(\frac{1}{c+a+1}\le\frac{c+a+b^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Cộng vế với vế và so sánh giả thiết
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge ab+bc+ca\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
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