Viết ptpu của propan, propen với:
a) Cl2, as
b) dd br2
c) dd KMnO4
d) H2
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1,
a, \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
b, \(n_{hh}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{C2H4}=n_{C2H4Br2}=\frac{4,7}{188}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(V\%_{C2H4}=\frac{0,025.100}{0,15}=16,67\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%V_{C2H6}=100\%-16,67\%=83,33\%\)
\(n_{C2H6}=0,15-0,025=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%m_{C2H4}=\frac{0,025.100.28}{0,025.28+0,125.30}=15,73\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{C2H6}=100\%-15,73\%=84,27\%\)
2,
a, \(C_3H_6+Br_2\rightarrow C_3H_6Br_2\)
\(m_{tang}=m_{C3H6}\Rightarrow n_{C3H6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_X=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\%V_{C3H6}=33,33\%\)
\(\Rightarrow V\%_{C3H8}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b, \(n_{C3H8}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M_X}=\frac{m_{C3H6}+m_{C3H8}}{0,6}=\frac{130}{3}\)
\(d_{X/kk}=\frac{130}{87}\)
c, 1/4 X có 0,05 mol C3H6 ; 0,1 mol C3H8
\(C_3H_6+\frac{9}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}3CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(C_3H_8+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}3CO_2+4H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O2}=\frac{9}{2}n_{C3H6}+5n_{C3H8}=0,725\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O2}=0,725.22,4=16,24\left(l\right)\)
1. Ta có: \(n_X=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{C_3H_4}=n_{AgC_3H_3}=\dfrac{29,4}{147}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{C_3H_6}=n_{Br_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nC3H8 = 0,5 - 0,2 - 0,2 = 0,1 (mol)
% số mol cũng là %V ở cùng điều kiện nhiệt độ và áp suất.
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_3H_8}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_3H_6}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}.100\%=40\%\\\%V_{C_3H_4}=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
2. Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=n_{C_3H_6}+2n_{C_3H_4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Br_2}=0,6.160=96\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddBr_2}=\dfrac{96}{20\%}=480\left(g\right)\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
nAl = 0,1 => nH2 = 0,15 => VH2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
nH2 = 0,15 => mH2 = 0,3(g)
m dd sau pư = 2,7 + 200 -0,3=202,4 (g)
theo pư => n Al2(SO4)3 = 0,05 => m Al2(SO4)3 = 17,1 => C% = 17,1:202,4 . 100 % = 8,45%
A)
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
B)
n Al = 2,7/27 = 0,1(mol)
Theo PTHH :
n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,15(mol)
=> V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)
Theo PTHH :
n Al2(SO4)3 = 1/2 n Al = 0,05(mol)
m dd sau pư = m Al + mdd H2SO4 - m H2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 202,4 gam
Suy ra :
C% Al2(SO4)3 = 0,05.342/202,4 .100% = 8,45%
a) \(CH\equiv CH+H_2\xrightarrow[PbCO_3]{Pd}CH_2=CH_2\)
b) \(CH\equiv CH+2H_2\xrightarrow[t^o]{Ni}CH_3-CH_3\)
c) \(CH\equiv CH+2Br_2\rightarrow CHBr_2-CHBr_2\)
d) \(CH\equiv CH+2HCl\xrightarrow[xt]{t^o}CHCl_2-CH_3\)
e)\(CH\equiv CH+2AgNO_3+2NH_3\rightarrow AgC\equiv CAg+2NH_4NO_3\)
Propan : \(C_3H_8-CH_3-CH_2-CH_3\)
Propen : \(C_3H_6-CH_2=CH-CH_3\)
a/ \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_3+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{as}}CH_3-CHCl-CH_3+HCl\)
(Sản phẩm chính)
\(CH_3-CH_2-CH_3+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{as}}CH_2Cl+CH_2-CH_3+HCl\)
(Sản phẩm phụ)
\(CH_2=CH-CH_3+Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{as}}CH_2Cl-CHCl-CH_3\)
b/\(CH_2=CH-CH_3+Br_2\underrightarrow{^{Ni,t^o}}CH_2Br+CHBr-CH_3\)
c/\(3C_3H_6+2KMnO_4+4H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+2MnO_2+3C_3H_6\left(OH\right)_2\)
d/ \(CH_2=CH-CH_3+H_2\underrightarrow{^{Ni,t^o}}CH_3-CH_2-CH_3\)