Cho \(x\ne0\), \(y\ne0\), \(z\ne0\), \(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{z}\) = 1 và x = y + z
Chứng minh rằng : \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\) = 1
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Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau có:
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y\left(1-xz\right)}=\frac{x^2-yz-y^2+xz}{x-xyz-y\left(1-xz\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)}{x-xyz-y+xyz}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{x-y}=x+y+z\)
=> \(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=x+y+z\)
<=> \(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)x\left(1-yz\right)}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x^2-yz-\left(x^2+yx+zx\right)\left(1-yz\right)}{x\left(1-yz\right)}\)=0
<=> \(x^2-yz-x^2+x^2yz-xy+xy^2z-xz+xyz^2=0\)
<=> \(-yz-xy-xz+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)=0
<=> \(xyz\left(x+y+z\right)=yz+xy+xz\)
<=>\(x+y+z=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)( chia cả hai vế cho xyz với x,y,z khác 0)
\(x+\frac{1}{y}=y+\frac{1}{z}=z+\frac{1}{x}\). do đó :
\(x-y=\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{y}=\frac{y-z}{yz},y-z=\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{z}=\frac{z-x}{xz},z-x=\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{x-y}{xy}\)
suy ra : ( x - y ) ( y - z ) ( z - x ) = \(\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{x^2y^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\left(x^2y^2z^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y=z\\x^2y^2z^2=1\Rightarrow xyz=\mp1\end{cases}}\)
CMR:\(x\ne0;y\ne0;z\ne0\)và \(x+\frac{1}{y}=y+\frac{1}{z}=z+\frac{1}{x}\)thì x=y=z hoặc xyz=\(\pm\)1
Ta co:\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=|\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}|\)
\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=0\)(Vì \(x,y,z\ne0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)=0\)
Mà \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}\right)\)
nên \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\left|\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right|\)(Áp dụng HĐT \(\sqrt{x^2}=\left|x\right|\))
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=\frac{x+y+z}{a+b+c}=x+y+z\) vì a + b + c = 1
Do đó \((x+y+z)^2=\frac{x^2}{a^2}=\frac{y^2}{b^2}=\frac{z^2}{c^2}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\)vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
Vậy :
Bạn tham khảo câu trả lời của anh Phan Thanh Tịnh nhé
vô phần thống kê hỏi đáp của mình để coi hình nhé
\(\frac{x^2-yz}{x\left(1-yz\right)}=\frac{y^2-xz}{y\left(1-xz\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-yz\right)\left(y-xyz\right)=\left(y^2-xz\right)\left(x-xyz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y-x^3yz-y^2z+xy^2z^2-xy^2+xy^3z+x^2z-x^2yz^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)-xyz\left(x^2-y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)-xyz^2\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left[xy-xyz\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)-xyz^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy-xyz\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)-xyz^2=0\left(x\ne y\Rightarrow x-y\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+xz=xyz\left(x+y\right)+xyz^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ay+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{xyz\left(x+y\right)+xyz^2}{xyz}\left(xyz\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=x+y+z\)
\(\frac{x}{z+y+1}=\frac{y}{x+z+1}=\frac{z}{x+y-2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{z+y+1}=\frac{y}{x+z+1}=\frac{z}{x+y-2}=\frac{x+y+z}{z+y+1+x+z+1+x+y-2}\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{2x+2y+2z}=\frac{x+y+z}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}2x=y+z+1=\frac{1}{2}-x+1\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\\2y=x+z+1=\frac{1}{2}-y+1\Rightarrow y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{1}{2}-\left(x+y\right)=\frac{1}{2}-1=-\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}\)
đề đúng \(\frac{x}{z+y+1}=\frac{y}{x+z+1}=\frac{z}{x+y-2}\)
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