CHo x,y,z đôi một khác nhau thoả mãn:
x3+y3+z3 = 3xyz (xyz khác 0)
Tính \(B=\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}+\frac{3\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{2038\left(x+z\right)}{y}\)
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(x+y)^3 - 3xy(x+y) + z^3 - 3xyz = 0
(x+y+z) ( (x+y)^2 +z^2 -z(x+y) -3xy) =0
(x+y+z) ( x^2+ 2xy+y^2 +z^2- zx-zy-3xy)=0
(x+y+z) ( x^2+y^2+z^2 -zx-zy -xy)=0
Suy ra x+y+z =0
x+y = -z
y+z = -x
x+z = -y
B = -16 + (-3) +2038 = 2019
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{cases}}\left(x,y,z\ne0\right)\)
+) x + y + z = 0 \(\Rightarrow B=\frac{-16z}{z}+\frac{-3x}{x}-\frac{-2038y}{y}\)
\(=-16-3+2038=2019\)
+) x = y = z \(\Rightarrow B=\frac{16.2z}{z}+\frac{3.2x}{x}-\frac{2038.2y}{y}\)
\(=32+6-4076=-4038\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=\dfrac{16.\left(-z\right)}{z}+\dfrac{3.\left(-x\right)}{x}-\dfrac{2019.\left(-y\right)}{y}=2019-19=2000\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(1-\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x-z}{x}\cdot\frac{y-x}{y}\cdot\frac{y+z}{z}\)
Do \(x-y-z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-z=y;y-x=-z;y+z=x\)
Khi đó \(A=\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{-z}{y}\cdot\frac{x}{z}=-1\)
Vậy A=-1
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{xyz+yz+y}\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{1+yz+y}\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz}{xy\cdot yz+xyz+yz}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz}{yz+y+1}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz+y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=1\)
dat a=x-y
b=y-z
c=z-x
a+b+c=0=x+y+z
\(\left(\frac{a}{z}+\frac{b}{x}+\frac{c}{y}\right)\left(\frac{z}{a}+\frac{x}{b}+\frac{y}{c}\right)\)
dung bumiakopsky de giai
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áp dụng tc của dãy tỉ số = nhau :
\(\frac{y+z-x}{x}=\frac{z+x-y}{y}=\frac{x+y-z}{z}=\frac{y+z-x+z+x-y+x+y-z}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+z-x=x\\z+x-y=y\\x+y-z=z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y+z=2x\\z+x=2y\\x+y=2z\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}z-x=2x-2z\\y-x=2x-2y\\z-y=2y-z\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x=3z\\3x=3y\\3y=3z\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z}\)
thay vào B ta đc : \(B=\left(1+\frac{x}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{z}\right)=8\)
Ta có : \(\frac{y+z-x}{x}=\frac{z+x-y}{y}=\frac{x+y-z}{z}\)
=> \(\frac{y+z-x}{x}+2=\frac{z+x-y}{y}+2=\frac{x+y-z}{z}+2\)
=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{x}=\frac{x+y+z}{y}=\frac{x+y+z}{z}\)
Khi x + y + z = 0
=> x + y = -z ; y + z = -x ; z + x = -y
Khi đó \(B=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)=\frac{x+y}{y}.\frac{y+z}{z}.\frac{z+x}{x}=\frac{-z.\left(-x\right).\left(-y\right)}{y.z.x}=-1\)
Khi x + y + z \(\ne\)0
=> x = y = z
Khi đó \(B=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
X3 + Y3 + Z3 = 3XYZ
<=> X3 + Y3 + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X3 + Y3 ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> ( X + Y )3 - 3XY( X + Y ) + Z3 - 3XYZ = 0
<=> [ ( X + Y )3 + Z3 ] - 3XY( X + Y + Z ) = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )[ ( X + Y )2 - ( X + Y ).Z + Z2 - 3XY ] = 0
<=> ( X + Y + Z )( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}X+Y+Z=0\\X^2+Y^2+Z^2-XY-YZ-XZ=0\end{cases}}\)
+) X + Y + Z = 0 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}X+Y=-Z\\Y+Z=-X\\X+Z=-Y\end{cases}}\)
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(\frac{X+Y}{Y}\right)\left(\frac{Y+Z}{Z}\right)\left(\frac{X+Z}{X}\right)=\frac{-Z}{Y}\cdot\frac{-X}{Z}\cdot\frac{-Y}{X}=-1\)
+) X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ = 0
<=> 2( X2 + Y2 + Z2 - XY - YZ - XZ ) = 0
<=> 2X2 + 2Y2 + 2Z2 - 2XY - 2YZ - 2XZ = 0
<=> ( X2 - 2XY + Y2 ) + ( Y2 - 2YZ + Z2 ) + ( X2 - 2XZ + Z2 ) = 0
<=> ( X - Y )2 + ( Y - Z )2 + ( X - Z )2 = 0 (1)
DỄ DÀNG CHỨNG MINH (1) ≥ 0 ∀ X,Y,Z
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> X = Y = Z
KHI ĐÓ : \(M=\left(1+\frac{X}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Y}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{X}\right)=\left(1+\frac{Y}{Y}\right)\left(1+\frac{Z}{Z}\right)\left(1+\frac{X}{X}\right)=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}=a\) , \(\sqrt{y}=b\) , \(\sqrt{z}=c\)
Suy ra \(P=\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=-\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
Xét tử : \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)=a^2\left[-\left(a-b\right)-\left(c-a\right)\right]+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b^2-a^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a-a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)
Suy ra \(P=-\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=1\)
Lời giải:
$x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)+z^3-3xyz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)[(x+y)^2-z(x+y)+z^2]-3xy(x+y+z)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)=0$
Đến đây xét 2TH:
TH1: $x+y+z=0$
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x+y=-z\\ y+z=-x\\ x+z=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=-16+(-3)+(-2038)=-2057\)
TH2: $x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{(x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2}{2}=0$
$\Rightarrow (x-y)^2=(y-z)^2=(z-x)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z$ (vô lý vì $x,y,z$ đôi một khác nhau)
Vậy.......
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2-3xy\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=0\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Nếu \(x+y+z=0\Rightarrow B=\frac{-16z}{z}-\frac{3x}{x}-\frac{2038y}{y}=...\)
- Nếu \(x=y=z\Rightarrow B=\frac{16.2z}{z}+\frac{3.2x}{x}+\frac{2038.2y}{y}=...\)