Cho \(\frac{4a-3b}{5}\)=\(\frac{5b-4c}{3}\)=\(\frac{3c-5a}{5}\).Chứng minh \(\frac{a}{3}\)=\(\frac{b}{4}\)=\(\frac{c}{5}\)
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Ta có: BĐT phụ sau: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)( CM bằng BĐT Shwars nha).Áp dụng ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{b+3c+5a}+\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}\ge\frac{9}{9a+6b+12c}=\frac{3}{3a+2b+4c}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{b+3c+5a}+\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}\ge\frac{9}{9b+6c+12a}=\frac{3}{3b+2c+4a}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}+\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\ge\frac{9}{9c+6a+12b}=\frac{3}{3c+2a+4b}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng (1),(2) và (3) có:
\(2\left(\frac{1}{a+3b+5c}+\frac{1}{b+3c+5c}+\frac{1}{c+3a+5b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\right)\ge3\left(\frac{1}{3a+2b+4c}+\frac{1}{3b+2c+4a}+\frac{1}{3c+2a+4b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2VP\ge2VT\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
Tìm các số a, b, c biết rằng :
1 . Ta có: \(\frac{a}{20}=\frac{b}{9}=\frac{c}{6}=\frac{a}{20}=\frac{2b}{9.2}=\frac{4c}{6.4}=\frac{a}{20}=\frac{2b}{18}=\frac{4c}{24}\)
Ap dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bắng nhau ta dược :
\(\frac{a}{20}=\frac{2b}{18}=\frac{4c}{24}\)=\(\frac{a-2b+4c}{20-18+24}=\frac{13}{26}=\frac{1}{3}\)( do x+2b+4c=13)
Nên : a/20=1/3\(\Leftrightarrow\) a=1/3.20 \(\Leftrightarrow\)a=20/3
b/9=1/3 \(\Leftrightarrow\) b=1/3.9 \(\Leftrightarrow\) b=3
c/6=1/3 \(\Leftrightarrow\) c=1/3.6 \(\Leftrightarrow\) c= 2
Ta có : \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{2}=\dfrac{5b-4c}{3}=\dfrac{3c-5a}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{20a-15b}{10}=\dfrac{15b-12c}{9}=\dfrac{12c-20a}{16}=\dfrac{20a-15b+15b-12c+12c-20a}{10+9+16}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a-3b=0\\5b-4c=0\\3c-5a=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}\\\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\\\dfrac{c}{5}=\dfrac{a}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{5}\)
Ta có:
sigma \(\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}=\) sigma \(\frac{2ab}{5\left(a+b+2c\right)+\left(a+3b\right)}\le\frac{2}{36}\left(sigma\frac{5ab}{a+b+2c}+sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\right)\)
Ta đi chứng minh: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
có: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{c+a}+sigma\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
BĐT trên đúng nếu: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
Ta thấy: \(sigma\frac{ab}{a+3b}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(sigma\frac{ab}{a}+sigma\frac{3ab}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\)( sigma \(b+sigma3a\)) \(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sigma\frac{ab}{3a+4b+5c}\le\frac{1}{18}\left(5.\frac{9}{4}+\frac{9}{4}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)(1)
MÀ: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}}=\frac{2}{2\sqrt{\left(ab+2bc\right)\left(ab+2ca\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3}{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3}{9^2}=\frac{1}{27}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow T\le\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{27}=\frac{77}{108}\)
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức T là 77/108 <=> a=b=c=3