CMR:
A = x2 + y2 - 2(x + y) + 5 > 0 với mọi x, y
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Bạn xem lại đề nhé: Ví dụ chọn x=2, y=1 ta có: 22-4.2.1+1+2=-1<0
a. Ta có : \(4x^2-6x+9=4x^2-6x+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{27}{4}\)
\(=\left[\left(2x\right)^2-6x+\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\right]+\dfrac{27}{4}\)
\(=\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{27}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
nên \(\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{27}{4}\ge\dfrac{27}{4}>0\forall x\)
b.Ta có : \(x^2+2y^2-2xy+y+1=\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)+\left(y^2+y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
nên \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}>0\forall x;y\)
a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+xy+\dfrac{y^2}{4}-\dfrac{y^2}{4}+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\ge0,\forall x;y\\\dfrac{3y^2}{4}\ge0,\forall x;y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1>0,\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
b) \(...=x^2-2x+1+4\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+z^2-6z+9+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\left(y^{ }+1\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0,\forall x.y\)
\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+15
=x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+1+1+4+9
=(x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+8y+4)+(z^2-6z+9)+1
=(x-1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z-3^)2+1
Ta thấy:(x−1)^2≥0
4(y+1)^2≥0
(z−3)^ 2≥0
{(x−1)^24(y+1)^2(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)2+4(y+1)2+(z−3)2+1≥0+1=1>0
Ta có: A = x2 + y2 - 2(x + y) + 5
A = x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y + 5
A = (x2 - 2x +1) + (y2 - 2y + 1) + 3
A = (x - 1)2 + (y - 1)2 + 3
Do (x - 1)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x; (y - 1)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)y
=> (x - 1)2 + (y - 1)2 + 3 \(\ge\)3 > 0 \(\forall\)x;y
=> A > 0 \(\forall\)x; y
Cách khác: \(A=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+3=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+3\ge3\)