Giải phương trình \(\sqrt{10x^2-50x-3}=\sqrt{2x^2-5x+2}-3\sqrt{x-5}\)
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a.
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2\ge0\\3x^2-17x+4=\left(3x-2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\3x^2-17x+4=9x^2-12x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\6x^2+5x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0< \dfrac{2}{3}\left(loại\right)\\x=-\dfrac{5}{6}< \dfrac{2}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt đã cho vô nghiệm
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge4\\x\le1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-5x+4}=t\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=t^2-4\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2-10x=2t^2-8\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(2t^2-8-3t+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t^2-3t-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=-\dfrac{1}{2}< 0\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-5x+4}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, ĐK \(x\ge-4\)
PT
<=> \(\left(x-\sqrt{x+4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}-2x+3\right)=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x^2-x-4}{x+\sqrt{x+4}}+\frac{-2x^2+2x+8}{\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}+2x-3}=0\)với \(x+\sqrt{x+4}\ne0\)
<=> \(\frac{x^2-x-4}{x+\sqrt{x+4}}-\frac{2\left(x^2-x-4\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}+2x-3}=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x-4=0\\\frac{1}{x+\sqrt{x+4}}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}+2x-3}=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Giải (2)
=> \(2x+2\sqrt{x+4}=2x-3+\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{2x^2-10x+17}=2\sqrt{x+4}+3\)
<=> \(2x^2-10x+17=4\left(x+4\right)+9+12\sqrt{x+4}\)
<=> \(x^2-7x-4=6\sqrt{x+4}\)
<=> \(\left(x-6\right)^2+5x-40=6\sqrt{6\left(x-6\right)-5x+40}\)
Đặt x-6=a;\(\sqrt{6\left(x-6\right)-5x+40}=b\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2+5x-40=6b\\b^2+5x-40=6a\end{cases}}\)
=> \(a^2-b^2+6\left(a-b\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b+6=0\end{cases}}\)
+ a=b
=> \(x-6=\sqrt{x+4}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge6\\x^2-13x+32=0\end{cases}}\)=> \(x=\frac{13+\sqrt{41}}{2}\)
+ a+b+6=0
=> \(x+\sqrt{x+4}=0\)(loại)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\frac{13+\sqrt{41}}{2};\frac{1+\sqrt{17}}{2}\right\}\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+12}+\sqrt{5x^4-10x^2+9}=\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+9}+\sqrt{5\left(x^2-1\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{9}+\sqrt{4}=5\)
\(3-4x-2x^2=5-2\left(x+1\right)^2\le5\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\5\left(x^2-1\right)^2=0\\2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=-1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\)
\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}=4-2x-x^2\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+x^2+2x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+x^2+2x+1-5=0\)
=>\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}-2+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}-3+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{3x^2+6x+7-4}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5x^2+10x+14-9}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>
\(\dfrac{3x^2+6x+3}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5x^2+10x+5}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\dfrac{3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}+3}+1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
=>x+1=0
=>x=-1(nhận)
ĐK:....
\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+21}=5-2x-x^2\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}-2\right)+\left(\sqrt{5x^2+10x+21}-4\right)=-1-2x-x^2\)
<=> \(\frac{3\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\frac{5\left(x+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+21}+4}+\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+2}+\frac{5}{\sqrt{5x^2+10x+21}+4}+1\right)=0\)
<=> x + 1 = 0
<=> x = -1. ( đối chiếu điều kiện )
Kết luận.