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a)
Gọi số mol CuO, Fe2O3 là a, b (mol)
=> 80a + 160b = 40 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a--->a--------->a
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
b----->3b---------->2b
=> a + 3b = 0,6 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,3 (mol);b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,3.80}{40}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{40}.100\%=40\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nFe = 2b = 0,2 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,2------------------->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\\ CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\\ Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,5a\left(mol\right)\\ m_{hhB}=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow56a+64.0,5a=17,6\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow ddC:FeCl_2,HCldư\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
a)
n CuO = a(mol) ; n MgO = b(mol) ; n Fe2O3 = c(mol)
=> 80a + 40b + 160c = 12(1)
CuO + 2HCl $\to$ CuCl2 + H2O
MgO + 2HCl $\to$ MgCl2 + H2O
Fe2O3 + 6HCl $\to$ 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
n HCl = 2a + 2b + 6c = 0,225.2 = 0,45(2)
Thí nghiệm 2 :
$CuO + CO \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
$Fe_2O_3 + 3CO \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe + 3CO_2$
m chất rắn = 64a + 40b + 56.2c = 10(2)
Từ (1)(2)(3) suy ra a = 0,05 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,025
%m CuO = 0,05.80/12 .100% = 33,33%
%m MgO = 0,1.40/12 .100% = 33,33%
%m Fe2O3 = 33,34%
b)
n BaCO3 = 14,775/197 = 0,075(mol) > n CO2 = n CuO + 3n Fe2O3 = 0,125
Do đó, kết tủa bị hòa tan một phần
Ba(OH)2 + CO2 → BaCO3 + H2O
0,075........0,075.......0,075.............(mol)
Ba(OH)2 + 2CO2 → Ba(HCO3)2
0,025..........0,05..............................(mol)
=> n Ba(OH)2 = 0,075 + 0,025 = 0,1(mol)
=> CM Ba(OH)2 = 0,1/0,5 = 0,2M
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=m_{hh}-m_{Fe}=17.6-0.2\cdot56=6.4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6.4}{64}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0.1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_xO_y}=m_{hh}-m_{CuO}=24-8=16\left(g\right)\)
\(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0.2}{x}}=80x\left(đvc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56x+16y=80x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24x=16y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{16}{24}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(CT:Fe_2O_3\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2\ mol\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu} = \dfrac{17,6-0,2.56}{64} = 0,1\ mol\)
BTNT với Fe,Cu
\(n_{CuO} = n_{Cu} = 0,1\ mol\\ n_{Fe_xO_y} = \dfrac{n_{Fe}}{x} = \dfrac{0,2}{x}mol\)
Suy ra ;
\(0,1.80 + \dfrac{0,2}{x}.(56x+16y) = 24\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{x}{y} = \dfrac{2}{3}\)
Vậy oxit sắt cần tìm : Fe2O3
Gọi $n_{CuO} = a; n_{PbO} = b$
Ta có :
$80a + 223b = 15,15(1)$
$CuO + CO \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + CO_2$
$PbO + CO \xrightarrow{t^o} Pb + CO_2$
$CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{CO_2} = a + b = \dfrac{10}{100} = 0,1(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = b = 0,05
Vậy :
$m_{CuO} = 0,05.80 = 4(gam)$
$m_{PbO} = 0,05.223 = 11,15(gam)$
CuO + H2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) Cu + H2O (1)
Fe2O3 + 3H2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2Fe + 3H2O (2)
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2 (3)
\(n_{H_2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo pT3:; \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\times56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=36,8-11,2=25,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\frac{25,6}{64}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,4\times80=32\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\frac{1}{2}\times0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1\times160=16\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PT3: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=2\times0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4\times36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O (1)
Fe2O3 + 3H2 -to-> 2Fe + 3H2O (2)
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2 (3)
nH2= 4.48/22.4= 0.2 mol
Từ (3) :
=> nFe= 0.2 mol , nHCl = 0.4 mol
mFe= 0.2*56=11.2g
mCu= 36.8-11.2=25.6g
nCu= 25.6/64=0.4 mol
Từ (2) => nFe2O3= 0.1 mol
Từ (1) => nCuO = 0.4 mol
mhh = 0.1*160 + 0.4*80 = 48g
mHCl= 0.4*36.5=14.6g