Tìm cặp số x, y thỏa mãn
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-1\right)\)với \(x>\frac{1}{4};y>\frac{1}{4}\)
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27 tháng 9 2015
a) +) Điều kiện : x \(\ge\) 0 ; y \(\ge\) 0 ; y \(\ne\) 1 ; x; y không đồng thời bằng 0
+) \(P=\frac{x\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-y\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)-xy\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{x\sqrt{x}+x-y+y\sqrt{y}-xy\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(x-y\right)-xy\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+y-\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)-xy\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{x+y-\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-xy}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\left(x+\sqrt{x}\right)+\left(y-xy\right)-\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\sqrt{x}+y\left(1-x\right)-\sqrt{y}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(P=\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+y-y\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-y\sqrt{x}\right)+\left(y-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)-\sqrt{y}\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(P=\sqrt{x}\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)-\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}\)
b) Để P = 2 <=> \(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}=2\) <=> \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}=\sqrt{y}+2\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{y}+2\right)^2\)
<=> \(x+xy+2x\sqrt{y}=y+4+4\sqrt{y}\)
<=> \(x+xy-y+\left(2x-4\right)\sqrt{y}=4\)(*)
P = 2 <=> (x; y) thỏa mãn (*)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
13 tháng 12 2020
\(P\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\right)}\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{4xy+4x+4}\right)}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}\sum\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+x+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
5 tháng 12 2019
Có cách khác nè:
P=x4(x−1)3+y4(y−1)3≥2√x4y4(x−1)3(y−1)3x4(x−1)3+y4(y−1)3≥2x4y4(x−1)3(y−1)3
⇒P≥2x2y2√(x−1)3(y−1)3=2.x2x−1.y2y−1.1√(x−1)(y−1)⇒P≥2x2y2(x−1)3(y−1)3=2.x2x−1.y2y−1.1(x−1)(y−1)
Ta dễ dàng chứng minh được a2a−1≥4a2a−1≥4
⇒P≥2.4.4.1√(x−1)(y−1)≥32.1x−1+y−12≥32⇒P≥2.4.4.1(x−1)(y−1)≥32.1x−1+y−12≥32
Dấu "=" khi x=y=2
5 tháng 12 2019
x4(x−1)3+16(x−1)≥8.x2(x−1)x4(x−1)3+16(x−1)≥8.x2(x−1)
Tương tự và cộng hai BĐT lại :
p+16(x−1)+16(y−1)≥8.(x2x−1+y2y−1)p+16(x−1)+16(y−1)≥8.(x2x−1+y2y−1)
Ta xét A=x2x−1+y2y−1A=x2x−1+y2y−1
Đặt x - 1 = a và y - 1 = b, ta có A=(a+1)2a+(b+1)2b=a+2+1a+b+2+1b≥(a+b)+4a+b+4≥2√4+4=8⇒A≥8A=(a+1)2a+(b+1)2b=a+2+1a+b+2+1b≥(a+b)+4a+b+4≥24+4=8⇒A≥8
Do đó P≥8A−16(x+y)+32≥8.8−16.4+32=32P≥8A−16(x+y)+32≥8.8−16.4+32=32
Min P = 32 <=> x = y = 2
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
22 tháng 3 2023
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4=a\\y-3=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=5\)
\(Q=\sqrt{\left(a+5\right)^2+b^2}+\sqrt{\left(a+3\right)^2+\left(b+4\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{2\left[\left(a+5\right)^2+b^2+\left(a+3\right)^2+\left(b+4\right)^2\right]}\) (Bunhiacopxki)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+8a+b^2+4b+25\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+2.4a+b^2+2.2b+25\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(a^2+2\left(a^2+4\right)+b^2+2\left(b^2+1\right)+25\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le\sqrt{4\left(3a^2+3b^2+35\right)}\le\sqrt{4\left(3.5+35\right)}=10\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}..\)
Theo giả thiết \(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-1\right)\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Mà x,y>1/4\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-1\ge\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y\le2\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{y}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+1\right)+\left(y-2\sqrt{y}+1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2\le0\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}=1\\\sqrt{y}=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=y=1\left(TMĐK\right).\)