Cho các số thực x, y thay đổi thỏa mãn \(x-y-xy=3\) . Tìm GTNN của biểu thức \(A=x^2+y^2\)
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\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{2x+y}{xy}+\frac{3}{2x+y}=\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\frac{3}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\frac{5}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\frac{3}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}+\frac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}.\frac{3}{2x+y}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> \(\frac{3}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}=\frac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\frac{5}{8}.\frac{2x+y}{2}\ge\frac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\frac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> 2x=y và xy=2
Do đó \(M\ge\frac{3}{2}+\frac{5}{4}=\frac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> x=1 và y=2
Vậy GTNN của M là 11/4 khi x=1 và y=2
Ta có: \(15=x+y+xy\le x+y+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{t^2}{4}+t\ge15\)(\(t=x+y\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-6\right)\left(t+10\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t\ge6\\t\le-10\end{cases}}\)
\(P=x^2+y^2=\frac{1}{2}.2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{2}.6^2=18\)
Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(x=y=3\).
\(x-3=y\left(x+1\right)\Rightarrow y=\frac{x-3}{x+1}\)
\(A=x^2+\left(\frac{x-3}{x+1}\right)^2=x^2+\left(1-\frac{4}{x+1}\right)^2=x^2+1-\frac{8}{x+1}+\frac{16}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-2x-\frac{8}{x+1}+\frac{16}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{16}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-2\left(x+1+\frac{4}{x+1}\right)+2\)
Đặt \(x+1+\frac{4}{x+1}=a\Rightarrow a^2=\left(x+1\right)^2+\frac{16}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+8\) (\(\left|a\right|\ge4\))
\(\Rightarrow A=a^2-8-2a+2=a^2-2a-6\)
- Nếu \(a\le-4\Rightarrow A=\left(a+4\right)^2-10a-22\ge-10a-22\ge40-22=18\)
- Nếu \(a\ge4\Rightarrow A=\left(a-4\right)^2+6a-22\ge6a-22\ge24-22=2\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=2\) khi \(a=4\Rightarrow x+1+\frac{4}{x+1}=4\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)