Cho a>0, b>0 và ab=1
Chứng minh \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}\ge3\)
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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{a+b}=b+a+\frac{2}{a+b}=\left(\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{2}{a+b}\right)+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a+b}{2}.\frac{2}{a+b}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2}=2+1=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b và (a + b)2 = 4 => a = b = 1
Ta có
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{b^2+1}\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{2b}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab+b}{2}\) (1)
Tương tự \(\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}\ge\left(b+1\right)-\frac{bc+c}{2}\) (2)
và \(\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ca+a}{2}\) (3)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế:
\(VT\ge\left(a+b+c+3\right)-\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\ge6-\frac{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+3}{2}=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
3) Đặt b+c=x;c+a=y;a+b=z.
=>a=(y+z-x)/2 ; b=(x+z-y)/2 ; c=(x+y-z)/2
BĐT cần CM <=> \(\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
VT=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}-1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}-1+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)-3\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)(Cauchy)
Dấu''='' tự giải ra nhá
Bài 4
dễ chứng minh \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab;\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc;\left(a+c\right)^2\ge4ac\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2\)
rồi khai căn ra \(\Rightarrow\)dpcm.
đấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
\(A=\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{1}{2ab}+\left(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\right)\)
ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\right)\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(2ab+a^2+b^2\right)}=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=4\)
và \(1=a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2ab}\ge2\)
=> A >/ 6 (dpcm)
1.
\(6=\frac{\sqrt{2}^2}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{3}^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}{x+y}=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{x+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{y}{\sqrt{3}}\\x+y=\frac{5+2\sqrt{6}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tự giải hệ tìm điểm rơi nếu thích, số xấu quá
2.
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=t\Rightarrow0< t\le1\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{t^2+\frac{81}{t^2}}=\sqrt{t^2+\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{80}{t^2}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{t^2}{t^2}}+\frac{80}{1^2}}=\sqrt{82}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
3.
\(\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{a^2}{b^5}+\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{a^3}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^6}{b^{15}.a^6}}=\frac{5}{b^3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{3b^2}{c^5}+\frac{2}{b^3}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\) ; \(\frac{3c^2}{d^5}+\frac{2}{c^3}\ge\frac{5}{d^3}\) ; \(\frac{3d^2}{a^5}+\frac{2}{d^2}\ge\frac{5}{a^3}\)
Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn ta được: \(3VT\ge3VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=d=1\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
\(y^2=\left(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\right)^2\le2\left(x^2+4-x^2\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow y\le2\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow y_{max}=2\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-2\\\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+\sqrt{4-x^2}\ge-2\)
\(y_{min}=-2\) khi \(x=-2\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{b^2+1}\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{2b}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{a+b+c+ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{a+b+c+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{2}\)
\(\ge3+3-\frac{3+\frac{3^2}{3}}{2}=3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}=\frac{a^3+b^3}{ab}+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}=a^3+b^3+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}\)
\(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}\)
\(A\ge2\left(a^2+b^2-1\right)+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}=2a^2+2b^2-2+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}\)
\(A\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+6}{8}+\frac{8}{a^2+b^2+6}+\frac{15}{8}\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\frac{11}{4}\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+6\right).8}{8\left(a^2+b^2+6\right)}}+\frac{15}{8}.2ab-\frac{11}{4}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
Cảm ơn bạn!