Cho a,b,c\(\ge\)0 và \(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{1+b}+\frac{3c}{1+c}\le1\)
Cmr : \(ab^2c^3\le\frac{1}{5^6}\)
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
1 tháng 8 2020
\(1-\frac{a}{a+1}\ge\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{b^2c^3}{\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+3.\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{abc^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)^3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge25\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^2b^2c^6}{\left(a+1\right)^2\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^6}}\)
\(\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+2.\frac{b}{b+1}+2.\frac{c}{c+1}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{ab^2c^2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^3}\ge125\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^3b^6c^6}{\left(a+1\right)^3\left(b+1\right)^6\left(c+1\right)^6}}\)
Nhân vế với vế:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}\ge5^6\sqrt[5]{\frac{a^5b^{10}c^{15}}{\left(a+1\right)^5\left(b+1\right)^{10}\left(c+1\right)^{15}}}=\frac{5^6ab^2c^3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)^2\left(c+1\right)^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^2c^3\le\frac{1}{5^6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{5}\)
TN
28 tháng 4 2017
Từ \(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{1+b}+\frac{3c}{1+c}+\frac{5d}{1+d}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{a}{1+a}+2-\frac{2b}{1+b}+3-\frac{3c}{1+c}+5-\frac{5d}{1+d}\ge10\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{2}{1+b}+\frac{3}{1+c}+\frac{5}{1+d}\ge10\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge\)\(\frac{2b}{1+b}+\frac{3c}{1+c}+\frac{5d}{1+d}\ge10\sqrt[10]{\frac{b^2c^3d^5}{\left(1+b\right)^2\left(1+c\right)^3\left(1+d\right)^5}}\)
Và \(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge\)\(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}+\frac{5d}{d+1}\)
\(\ge10\sqrt[10]{\frac{abc^3d^5}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)^3\left(1+d\right)^5}}\)
Và \(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{2c}{c+1}+\frac{5d}{d+1}\)
\(\ge10\sqrt[10]{\frac{ab^2c^2d^5}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)^2\left(1+c\right)^2\left(1+d\right)^5}}\)
Và \(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}+\frac{4d}{d+1}\)
\(\ge10\sqrt[10]{\frac{ab^2c^3d^4}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)^2\left(1+c\right)^3\left(1+d\right)^4}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BĐT có: \(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)^2\left(1+c\right)^3\left(1+d\right)^5}\)
\(\ge10^{1+2+3+5}\sqrt[10]{\frac{a^{2+3+5}b^{2+2+6+10}c^{3+6+6+15}d^{5+10+15+20}}{\left(1+a\right)^{10}\left(1+b\right)^{20}\left(1+c\right)^{30}\left(1+d\right)^{50}}}\)
Tương đương với \(ab^2c^3d^5\le\frac{1}{10^{11}}\) (ĐPCM)
NB
18 tháng 11 2019
1. Vai trò a, b, c như nhau. Không mất tính tổng quát. Giả sử \(a\ge b\ge0\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ca=3\). Do đó \(ab\ge1\)
Ta cần chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\left(1\right)\)
Và \(\frac{2}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(2\right)\)
Thật vậy: \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab-a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)+\left(ab-b^2\right)\left(1+a^2\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left[-a\left(1+b^2\right)+b\left(1+a^2\right)\right]\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)\ge0\left(BĐT:đúng\right)\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow c^2+3-ab\ge3abc^2\\ \Leftrightarrow c^2+ca+bc\ge3abc^2\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3abc\)
BĐT đúng, vì \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2>3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=q\)
và \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
Nên \(a+b+c\ge3\ge3abc\)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
NB
18 tháng 11 2019
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng \(\frac{9}{x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\), ta được
\(\frac{9}{a+3b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+c+b+c+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)\)
Do đó ta được
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}\le\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{2b}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{a}{2}\right)\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta được
\(\frac{bc}{2a+b+3c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{b}{2}\right);\frac{ac}{3a+2b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{b+c}+\frac{c}{2}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên ta được
\(\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}+\frac{bc}{b+3c+2a}+\frac{ca}{c+3a+2b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{ac+bc}{a+b}+\frac{ab+ac}{b+c}+\frac{bc+ab}{a+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\)Vậy BĐT đc CM
ĐẲng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c >0
25 tháng 3 2020
Ta CM BĐT phụ sau: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)( co si với a,b>0)
Suy ra \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4\RightarrowĐPCM\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)
a/Áp dụng (1) có
\(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\left(2\right)\).Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\frac{1}{b+c+2a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\left(3\right),\frac{1}{c+a+2b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\left(4\right)\)
Cộng (2),(3) và (4) có \(VT\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(6+6\right)=3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
b/Áp dụng (1) có:
\(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2c\right)+2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\right)\left(5\right)\)
Tương tự có: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)\left(6\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\left(7\right)\)
Cộng (5),(6) và (7) có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\right)\le\frac{1}{4}.9=\frac{3}{2}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
27 tháng 4 2019
1.
\(P=\frac{a^4}{abc}+\frac{b^4}{abc}+\frac{c^4}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3abc}=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right).3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}.3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{3abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a+b+c}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
\(P=\sum\frac{a^2}{ab+2ac+3ad}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{4.\frac{3}{8}\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=d\)
28 tháng 4 2019
Từ \(ab+bc+ca=5abc\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=5\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki ta có :
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+a+b+b+c\right)\ge\left(1+1+1+1+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{25}{2a+2b+c}\)
Tương tự ta có :
\(\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{25}{2b+2c+a}\)
\(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\ge\frac{25}{2a+b+2c}\)
Cộng từng vế BĐT ta thu được :
\(\frac{5}{a}+\frac{5}{b}+\frac{5}{c}\ge25P\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{5\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)}{25}=1\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh . Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{5}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}\leq 1(*)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+1}=1-\frac{a}{a+1}\geq \frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}=\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{b^2c^3}{(b+1)^2(c+1)^3}}(1)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{b+1}=1-\frac{b}{b+1}\geq \frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{3c}{c+1}=\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{abc^3}{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)^3}}(2)\)
\((*)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{c+1}=1-\frac{c}{c+1}\geq \frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{2b}{b+1}+\frac{2c}{c+1}=\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\geq 5\sqrt[5]{\frac{ab^2c^2}{(a+1)(b+1)^2(c+1)^2}}(3)\)
Lấy \((1).(2)^2.(3)^3\) rồi rút gọn ta suy ra \(ab^2c^3\leq \frac{1}{5^6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\frac{1}{5}$