Cho 3 số a,b,c dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{35}{35+2b}\le\dfrac{4c}{4c+57}\).Tìm GTNN của biểu thức P=abc
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\(Theo\text{ }bài\text{ }ra:2a=3b=4c\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2a}{12}=\dfrac{3b}{12}=\dfrac{4c}{12}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{6}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{3}\\ \RightarrowĐặt\text{ }\dfrac{a}{6}=\dfrac{b}{4}=\dfrac{c}{3}=k\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=6k\\b=4k\\c=3k\end{matrix}\right.\\ Khi\text{ }đó\dfrac{a-b+c}{a+2b-c}=\dfrac{6k-4k+3k}{6k+8k-3k}=\dfrac{5k}{11}=\dfrac{5}{11}\\ Vậy:A=\dfrac{5}{11}.\)
Do\(1\le a\le b\le c\le d\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{d}\ge\frac{1}{b}+\frac{b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}.\frac{b}{4}}=1\) (AM-GM)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=1;b=c=\frac{1}{2};d=4\)
a, Từ x+y=1
=>x=1-y
Ta có: \(x^3+y^3=\left(1-y\right)^3+y^3=1-3y+3y^2-y^3+y^3\)
\(=3y^2-3y+1=3\left(y^2-y+\frac{1}{3}\right)=3\left(y^2-2.y.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=3\left[\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{12}\right]=3\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\) với mọi y
=>GTNN của x3+y3 là 1/4
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(< =>\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=0< =>y=\frac{1}{2}< =>x=y=\frac{1}{2}\) (vì x=1-y)
Vậy .......................................
b) Ta có: \(P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{y+x}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x^2}{y+z}+x\right)+\left(\frac{y^2}{z+x}+y\right)+\left(\frac{z^2}{y+z}+z\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{z+x}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{y+z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}-1\right)\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+1\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z+x}+1\right)+\left(\frac{z}{y+x}+1\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{z+x}+\frac{x+y+z}{y+x}-3\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{y+x}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\ge\frac{9}{2}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
(phần này nhân phá ngoặc rồi dùng biến đổi tương đương)
\(=>P=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{y+x}-1\right)\ge2\left(\frac{3}{2}-1\right)=1\)
=>minP=1
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>x=y=z
Vậy.....................
\(a+b=1\Leftrightarrow b=1-a\\ \Leftrightarrow P=a^2+1-a=\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\\ P_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Đặt \(x=1-a\), \(y=1-b\), \(z=1-c\)
Ta có : \(1+a=\left(1-b\right)+\left(1-c\right)=y+z\)
\(1+b=\left(1-a\right)+\left(1-c\right)=x+z\)
\(1+c=\left(1-a\right)+\left(1-b\right)=x+y\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy, ta có : \(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}}{xyz}=\frac{8xyz}{xyz}=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy Min A = 8 \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)