Tìm số nguyên x, y biết:
a) (x+ 5).(3x- 12) >0
b) (x3+ 5).(x3 +10).(x3+ 15).(x3+ 30) <0
c) xy= x+ y
d) xy+ 12= x+ y
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a. (3x - 1)2 - (x + 3)2 = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1+x+3\right)\left(3x-1-x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+2\right)\left(2x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+2=0\) hoặc \(2x-4=0\)
1. \(4x+2=0\Leftrightarrow4x=-2\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
2. \(2x-4=0\Leftrightarrow2x=4\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
S=\(\left\{-\dfrac{1}{2};2\right\}\)
b. \(x^3=\dfrac{x}{49}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49x^3=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49x^3-x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(49x^2-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(7x+1\right)\left(7x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\) hoặc \(7x+1=0\) hoặc \(7x-1=0\)
1. x=0
2. \(7x+1=0\Leftrightarrow7x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\)
3. \(7x-1=0\Leftrightarrow7x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{7}\)
\(a.\)
\(\left(x-8\right)\left(x^3+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-8=0\\x^3+8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x^3=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(S=\left\{8,-2\right\}\)
\(b.\)
\(\left(4x-3\right)-\left(x+5\right)=3\cdot\left(10-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-3-x-5-30+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-38=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{38}{6}\)
\(S=\left\{\dfrac{38}{6}\right\}\)
a) (x - 8 )( x3 + 8) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-8=0\\x^3=-8\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=8\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)(4x - 3) – ( x + 5) = 3(10 - x)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-3-x-5=30-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-8=30-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-8-30+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-38=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{19}{3}\)
\(TH_1:x\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^3\ge0\Leftrightarrow VT>0\left(loại\right)\)
\(TH_2:x< 0\)
Với \(x=-1\Leftrightarrow VT=4\cdot9\cdot14\cdot29>0\left(loại\right)\)
Với \(x=-2\Leftrightarrow VT=-3\cdot2\cdot7\cdot23< 0\left(nhận\right)\)
Với \(x=-3\Leftrightarrow VT=-22\left(-17\right)\left(-12\right)\cdot3< 0\left(nhận\right)\)
Với \(x< -4\Leftrightarrow x^3< -64\Leftrightarrow x^3+5< x^3+10< x^3+15< x^3+30< 0\)
Do đó cả 4 thừa số trong tích đều âm nên tích này luôn dương
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;-3\right\}\)
\(a,\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-7\right)+2\left(2x-7\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-7\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ c,\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)-2\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1-4x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(-2x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2
P(x) + Q(x) = x3 – 6x + 2 + 2x2 - 4x3 + x - 5 = - 3x3 + 2x2 – 5x - 3
P(x) - Q(x) = x3 – 6x + 2 - 2x2 + 4x3 - x + 5 = 5x3 − 2x2 − 7x+7
a)\(3x\left(x-1\right)+2x^2\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(3+2x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-1=0\\3+2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=\dfrac{-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: Ta có: \(3x^2-3x+2x^3-2x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3+x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(x^3+27=-x^2+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=0\)
hay x=-3