S=\(\frac{1}{2018}\left(\frac{2}{1}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{3}+...+\frac{2019}{2018}\right)\)
Chứng minh S không là số tự nhiên.
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\(S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}-2.\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+...+\frac{1}{2018}=P-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(S-P\right)^{2018}=\left(P-1-P\right)^{2018}=\left(-1\right)^{2018}=1\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A=\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4+...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2018}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2019}\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A+A=\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4+...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2018}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2019}+1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2...\)( Bn tự ghi lại A do máy mình ko đủ độ rộng )
\(\frac{7}{4}A=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2019}+1\)
\(A=\text{ }\left[\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2019}+1\right]:\frac{7}{4}\)
\(A=\text{ }\frac{\left[\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2019}+1\right].4}{7}\)
=> A là phân số
=> A ko phải số nguyên
Căn bậc 2 của 1 là 1,của 2018 bình phương là 2018,2018 bình phương/2019 bình phương là 2018/2019 nên cái căn đó có giá trị là 1+2018+2018/2019 nha.bn lấy 2018/2019+2018/2019 nếu là số tự nhiên thì biểu thức này là STN
\(\sqrt{1+2018^2+\frac{2018^2}{2019^2}}+\frac{2018}{2019}\)
\(=\)\(\sqrt{\left(1+2.2018+2018^2\right)-2.2018+\frac{2018^2}{2019^2}}+\frac{2018}{2019}\)
\(=\)\(\sqrt{2019^2-2.2018+\frac{2018^2}{2019^2}}+\frac{2018}{2019}\)
\(=\)\(\sqrt{\left(2019-\frac{2018}{2019}\right)^2}+\frac{2018}{2019}\)
\(=\)\(\left|2019-\frac{2018}{2019}\right|+\frac{2018}{2019}=2019-\frac{2018}{2019}+\frac{2018}{2019}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{1+2018^2+\frac{2018^2}{2019^2}}+\frac{2018}{2019}\) là số tự nhiên ( đpcm )
...
\(a)\) Ta có :
\(VP=\frac{2018}{1}+\frac{2017}{2}+\frac{2016}{3}+...+\frac{2}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(VP=\left(\frac{2018}{1}-1-...-1\right)+\left(\frac{2017}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2016}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2}{2017}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2018}+1\right)\)
\(VP=1+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2019}{2017}+\frac{2019}{2018}\)
\(VP=2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
Lại có :
\(VT=\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right).x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(x=2019\)
Vậy \(x=2019\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(D=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+\frac{4}{4^4}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2018}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4D=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2017}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4D-D=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2017}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}\)
\(-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{2}{4^2}-\frac{3}{4^3}-\frac{4}{4^4}-...-\frac{2018}{4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=1+\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\right)-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
Đặt \(M=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+\frac{1}{4^4}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2017}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M-M=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2017}}\)
\(-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4^2}-\frac{1}{4^3}-\frac{1}{4^4}-...-\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=1-\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}< \frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< \frac{4}{9}=\frac{40}{90}< \frac{45}{90}=\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
1 < S < 2
=> S ko phải là số tự nhiên
1< S< 2
=> S không phải số tự nhiên