Cho ba số a,b,c thỏa mãn\(\dfrac{a}{2016}=\dfrac{b}{2017}=\dfrac{c}{2018}\)
Chứng minh rằng: (a - c)3 = 8(a - b)2 . (b - c)
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Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
\(A=\dfrac{a}{a+b+c-c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c-a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c-b}\\ A=\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}\\ \Rightarrow A>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}=1\left(1\right)\\ A< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow1< A< B\\ \Rightarrow A\notin Z\)
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(abc\right)^2}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ca\right)^2}{b\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{c\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2}{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}\) (BĐT B.C.S)
\(=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\) \(\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{abbcca}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (do \(abc=1\)).
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Ta có \(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}=1\)
Lại có \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^2=\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=2\) (đpcm)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b-3c}{c}=\dfrac{b+c-3a}{a}=\dfrac{c+a-3b}{b}=\dfrac{a+b-3c+b+c-3a+c+a-3b}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{-\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=-1\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-3c}{c}=-1\Rightarrow a+b-3c=-c\Rightarrow a+b-2c=0\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{b+c-3a}{a}=-1\Rightarrow b+c-3a=-a\Rightarrow b+c-2a=0\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c+a-3b}{b}=-1\Rightarrow a+c-3b=-b\Rightarrow a+c-2b=0\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2) ta có:\(a+b-2c=b+c-2a\Rightarrow3a=3c\Rightarrow a=c\left(4\right)\)
Từ (1), (3) ta có:\(a+b-2c=a+c-2b\Rightarrow3b=3c\Rightarrow b=c\left(5\right)\)
Từ (4), (5)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Đặt a/2016 = b/2017 = c/2018 = k => a=2016k
b=2017k
c=2018k
Ta có (a-c)^3=( 2016k-2018k)^3 = (k(2016-2018))^3 = (k(-2))^3 (1)
Ta lại có 8(a-b)^2*(b-c)= 8(2016k-2017k)^2*(2017k-2018k) = 8(k(2016-2017)^2*(k(2017-2018) = 2^3*(k(-1))^2*(k(-1)) = 2^3*k^2*1*k*(-1) = k^3*(-2)^3 = (k(-2))^3 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra (a-c0^3 = 8(a-b)^2*(b-c)
Nhớ tick mik nha
cảm ơn bạn nha