Cho a,b,c > 0 và \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
Chứng minh rằng : \(4\le\sqrt{a^4+b^2+c^2+1}+\sqrt{a^2+b^4+c^2+1}+\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^4+1}\le3\sqrt{2}\)
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Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương \(\frac{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}}}\le2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{9}\)
Ta quy bài toán về chứng minh hai bất đẳng thức sau
\(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\le3\sqrt{2}\)và \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}}\ge\frac{\sqrt[3]{3}}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky ta được \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\le\sqrt{6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)\(\le\sqrt{6\sqrt{3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}}\le3\sqrt{2}\)
Mặt khác ta lại có \(\left[\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\right]^2\ge\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^4\); \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Do đó ta được \(\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^3}{3}\)
Áp dụng kết quả trên ta thu được \(\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\right]^3\)
Mà theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz ta có\(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(c^2+a^2\right)}\) \(\ge\frac{9}{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{9}{4\sqrt{3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{4\sqrt{9}}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Do đó ta có \(\left[\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}\right]^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left[\frac{3}{4}\right]^3=\frac{9}{64}\)
Suy ra \(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}}\ge\frac{\sqrt[3]{3}}{2}\)
Từ các kết quả trên ta được \(\frac{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^3}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)^3}}}\le\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{\frac{\sqrt[3]{3}}{2}}=2.\sqrt{2}.\sqrt[3]{9}\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Dễ dàng c/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le\dfrac{1}{a+b+4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}\right)\)
Suy ra : \(\Sigma\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+4}\le2.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.1=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
" = " \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Đề: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\sqrt{3}\) ???
*Ta chứng minh : \(x^4-x^3+2\ge x+1\forall x>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3-x+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)\ge0\) ( đúng )
Do đó: \(VT\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\) \(\le\sqrt{3\left(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)}=\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)
Thôi giải lại câu 1:v (ý tưởng dồn biến là quá trâu bò! Bên AoPS em mới phát hiện ra có một cách bằng Cauchy-Schwarz quá hay!)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2a^2+\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+c^2\right)}\le\frac{9}{2}\)(*)
BĐT này đúng theo Cauchy-Schwarz: \(VT_{\text{(*)}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2}{2a^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2+c^2}\right)=\frac{9}{2}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Equality holds when a = b = c = 1 (Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b =c = 1)
we have that: \(\sqrt{a^4+b^2+c^2+1}=\sqrt{a^4-a^2+2}\)
and \(\dfrac{-a^2+11}{8}\le\sqrt{a^4-a^2+2}\le\sqrt{2}\) \(\left(a\in\left(0;1\right)\right)\)