Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử bằng phương pháp nhóm hạng tử
a) x2 - 3xy + x - 3y
b) x2 - 6x - y2 + 9
c) 7x3y - 14x2y + 7xy
d) 16x4y2 + 2xy5
e) 5x3 - 45x
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c) \(5x^2+3y+15x+xy=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)
d) \(x^2+6x+9-y^2=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)
e) \(x^2-y^2+2x+1=\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
f) \(x^2-2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
c: \(5x^2+15x+3y+xy\)
\(=5x\left(x+3\right)+y\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(5x+y\right)\)
d: \(x^2+6x+9-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+3-y\right)\left(x+3+y\right)\)
e: \(x^2+2x+1-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)\)
f: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
a) \(=x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
b) \(=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)\)
c) Đổi đề: \(a^2x+a^2y-7x-7y\)
\(=a^2\left(x+y\right)-7\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(a^2-7\right)\)
d) \(=x^2\left(a-b\right)+y\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y\right)\)
e) \(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
g) \(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
h) \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
i) \(=\left(x+1\right)^2-4=\left(x+1-2\right)\left(x+1+2\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
a\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)\)
b)\(=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)\)
d)\(=a\left(x^2+y\right)-b\left(x^2+y\right)=\left(x^2+y\right)\left(x-b\right)\)
e)\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
g)\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
h)\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
i)\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-4=\left(x-1-2\right)\left(x-1+2\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
a: \(6x^2-3xy\)
\(=3x\cdot2x-3x\cdot y\)
=3x(2x-y)
b: \(x^2-y^2-6x+9\)
\(=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
c: \(x^2+5x-6\)
=\(x^2+6x-x-6\)
=x(x+6)-(x+6)
=(x+6)(x-1)
a: \(6x^2-3xy\)
\(=3x\cdot2x-3x\cdot y\)
\(=3x\left(2x-y\right)\)
b: \(x^2-y^2-6x+9\)
\(=\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
c: \(x^2+5x-6\)
\(=x^2+6x-x-6\)
\(=x\left(x+6\right)-\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+6\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
Nếu tổng các hệ số trong đa thức bằng 0 thì đây thức có một nghiệm là 1, đa thức trên sẽ có một nghiệm là 1 nên đa thức có thể phân tích thành (x - 1) x a
Nếu tổng các hệ số bậc chẵn bằng tổng hệ số bậc lẻ thì đa thức có một nghiệm là -1
Ví dụ đa thức -x² + 5x + 6 có tổng hệ số bằng chẵn bằng -1 + 6 = 5 bằng hệ số bậc lẻ, đa thức trên sẽ có một nghiệm là -1 nên đa thức có thể phân tích thành (a + 1) x a
a. 6x² - 3xy = 3x x 2x - y
b. x^2 - y^2 - 6x + 9 = x² - 6x + 9 - y²( x - 3)^2 - y ^2 = x - 3 - y x (x - 3) + y
c. x² + 5x - 6 = x² - x + 6x - 6 = (x - 1) x (x + 6)
\(a,=\left(5x^3+10x\right)+\left(x^4-4\right)\\ =5x\left(x^2+2\right)+\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2-2\right)\\ =\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2+5x-2\right)\\ b,=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\\ =\left[\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\\ =\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\)
\(c,=\left(x^8+x^7+x^6\right)-\left(x^7+x^6+x^5\right)+\left(x^5+x^4+x^3\right)-\left(x^4+x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^5+x^3-x^2+1\right)\\ d,=\left(x^7+x^6+x^5\right)-\left(x^6+x^5+x^4\right)+\left(x^4+x^3+x^2\right)-\left(x^3+x^2+x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\\ e,=\left(x^{10}+x^9+x^8\right)-\left(x^9+x^8+x^7\right)+\left(x^7+x^6+x^5\right)-\left(x^6+x^5+x^4\right)+\left(x^5+x^4+x^3\right)-\left(x^3+x^2+x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^{10}-x^7+x^5-x^4+x^3-x+1\right)\)
a: =x^4+2x^2+5x^3+10x-2x^2-4
=(x^2+2)(x^2+5x-2)
b; =(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)-3xyz
=(x+y+z)*(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2)-3xy(x+y+z)
=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)
c: =x^8+x^7+x^6-x^7-x^6-x^5+x^5+x^4+x^3-x^4-x^3-x^2+x^2+x+1
=(x^2+x+1)(x^6-x^5+x^3-x^2+1)
a: Ta có: \(x^2-4y^2-2x-4y\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2y-x-2y\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
e: Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)
\(=x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
1/(x+2)2 -(3x-1)2=(x+2+3x-1)(x+2-3x+1)=4x(-2x+3)=-8x2+12x
2/(x4+x2)(-2x3-2x)=x2(x2+1)-2x(x2+1)=(x2+1)(x2-2x)
a) \(14x^2y-21xy^2+28x^2y^2\)
\(=7xy\left(2x-3y+4xy\right)\)
b) \(3x^2-5x-3xy+5y\)
\(=\left(3x^2-3xy\right)-\left(5x-5y\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
c) \(5a^3-20a\)
\(=5a\left(a^2-4\right)\)
\(=5a\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)\)
d) \(2x+2y+x^2+2xy+y^2\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2\)
= \(=\left(x+y\right)\left(2+x+y\right)\)
phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử bằng cách nhóm hạng tử
1) x2 - y2 - 2x - 2y
2) 3x2 - 3y2 - 2(x - y)2
1) \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
2) \(3x^2-3y^2-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left[3\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
1) x² - y² - 2x - 2y
= (x² - y²) - (2x + 2y)
= (x - y)(x + y) - 2(x + y)
= (x + y)(x - y - 2)
2) 3x² - 3y² - 2(x - y)²
= (3x² - 3y²) - 2(x - y)²
= 3(x² - y²) - 2(x - y)²
= 3(x - y)(x + y) - 2(x - y)²
= (x - y)[3(x + y) - 2(x - y)]
= (x - y)(3x + 3y - 2x + 2y)
= (x - y)(x + 5y)
a: Ta có: \(x^2-xy-3x+3y\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)-3\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2+5xy-x-y\)
\(=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(5x-1\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
a) \(x^2-3xy+x-3y=x\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x-3y\right)=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^2-6x-y^2+9=x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
c) \(7x^3y-14x^2y+7xy=7xy\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=7xy\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(x^2-3xy+x-3y=\left(x^2+x\right)-\left(3xy+3y\right)=x\left(x+1\right)-3y\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(x^2-6x-y^2+9=\left(x^2-2.x.3+3^2\right)-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
\(7x^3y-14x^2y+7xy=\left(7x^3y-7x^2y\right)-\left(7x^2y-7xy\right)=7x^2y.\left(x-1\right)-7xy.\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right).\left(7x^2y-7xy\right)=7xy.\left(x-1\right).\left(x-1\right)=7xy.\left(x-1\right)^2\)