Cho a.b.c=0 và a+b+c=0. Chứng minh: $\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2} + \frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2} + \frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2} = 0
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Bài 1 :
a) Ta có : \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) , \(b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc}\) , \(c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\) hay \(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\ge8abc\)
\(C=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(D< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2016.2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< 1-\frac{1}{2017}< 1\)
Vậy C > D
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\) ( do \(a+b+c=0\) )
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\) ( đpcm )
3) Đặt b+c=x;c+a=y;a+b=z.
=>a=(y+z-x)/2 ; b=(x+z-y)/2 ; c=(x+y-z)/2
BĐT cần CM <=> \(\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
VT=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}-1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}-1+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)-3\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)(Cauchy)
Dấu''='' tự giải ra nhá
Bài 4
dễ chứng minh \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab;\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc;\left(a+c\right)^2\ge4ac\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2\)
rồi khai căn ra \(\Rightarrow\)dpcm.
đấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
Ta áp dụng Bđt Cauchy ngược dấu
\(T=\frac{1}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{1}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{1}{2ca^2+1}\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2b}{2ab^2+1}+\frac{b^2c}{2bc^2+1}+\frac{c^2a}{2ca^2+1}\le1\)
\(\frac{ab^2}{2ab^2+1}\le\frac{ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^2\cdot ab^2\cdot1}}\)\(\le\frac{\sqrt[3]{ab^2}}{3}\le\frac{a+2b}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b^2c}{2bc^2+1}\le\frac{b+2c}{9}\left(2\right);\frac{c^2a}{2ca^2+1}\le\frac{c+2a}{9}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của (1),(2) và (3) ta có:
\(T\le\frac{a+b+c+2c+2a+2b}{9}\)\(=\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{9}=\frac{a+b+c}{3}=1\)
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1
Cho abc=0 thì không chứng minh được, a+b+c=0 là đủ rồi
Ta có: a+b+c=0 => a+b=-c
=>(a+b)2=(-c)2
=>a2+2ab+b2=c2
=>a2+b2-c2=-2ab
Tương tự ta có: b2+c2-a2=-2bc ; c2+a2-b2=-2ca
=>\(\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}=-\frac{1}{2bc}-\frac{1}{2ca}-\frac{1}{2ab}=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\) (đpcm)
Cho \(abc=0\)thì không chứng minh được, \(a+b+c=0\)là đủ rồi.
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(-c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\)
Tương tự ta có: \(b^2+c^2-a^2=-2ab;c^2+a^2-b^2=-2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}=-\frac{1}{2bc}-\frac{1}{2ca}-\frac{1}{2ab}=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\)