Cho :
\(a_{n=\sqrt{1+\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^2}+\sqrt{1+\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^2}}\)
\(\left(n\ge1\right)\)
Đặt : \(s=\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_{20}}.\)
CM : \(S\inℕ^∗\)
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\(a_n=\sqrt{2+\frac{2}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}+\sqrt{2-\frac{2}{n}+\frac{1}{n^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a_n}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{\left(n+1\right)^2+n^2}-\sqrt{n^2+\left(n-1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{2^2+1}-\sqrt{1^2+0}+\sqrt{3^2+2^2}-\sqrt{2^2+1}+...+\sqrt{21^2+20^2}-\sqrt{20^2+19^2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\sqrt{21^2+20^2}-\sqrt{1}\right)=7\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=....=\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}=\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a_1}{a_2}\right)^n=\left(\frac{a_2}{a_3}\right)^n=....=\left(\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}\right)^n=\left(\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\right)^n\)(1)
Ta có: \(\left(\frac{a_1}{a_2}\right)^n=\frac{a_1}{a_2}.\frac{a_1}{a_2}.\frac{a_1}{a_2}....\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_1}{a_2}.\frac{a_2}{a_3}.\frac{a_3}{a_4}....\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}=\frac{a_1}{a_{n+1}}\)(2)
Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\right)^n=\frac{a_1}{a_{n+1}}\)(đpcm)
\(\text{Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau có:}\)
\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=...=\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}=\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a_1}{a_2}\right)^n=\left(\frac{a_2}{a_3}\right)^n=...=\left(\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}\right)^n\)\(=\left(\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\right)^n\)
Mà\( \left(\frac{a_1}{a_2}\right)^n=\frac{a_1}{a_2}\cdot\frac{a_1}{a_2}\cdot...\cdot\frac{a_1}{a_2}\)\(=\frac{a_1}{a_2}\cdot\frac{a_2}{a_3}\cdot...\cdot\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}\)\(=\frac{a_1}{a_{n-1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\right)^n\)\(=\frac{a_1}{a_{n-1}}\)
áp dụng t.c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a1}{a2}=\frac{a2}{a3}=\frac{a3}{a4}=.....=\frac{an}{an+1}=\frac{a1+a2+a3+....+an}{a2+a3+a4+...+an+1}\)
\(\frac{a1}{a2}\cdot\frac{a2}{a3}\cdot\frac{a3}{a4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{an}{an+1}=\frac{a1}{an+1}=\left(\frac{a1}{a2}\right)^n=\left(\frac{a1+a2+a3+....+an}{a2+a3+a4+...+an+1}\right)^n\)(vì từ 1 đến n có n chữ số)
=> đpcm
\(a_n=\frac{2}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(n+1-n\right)}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{n+n+1}\)
\(< \frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(a_1+a_2+a_3+...+a_{2009}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2010}}< \frac{2008}{2010}\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{a_1}{a_2}=\frac{a_2}{a_3}=...=\frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}=\frac{a_1+a_2+...+a_n}{a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{a_1^n}{a_2^n}=\frac{a_2^n}{a_3^n}=...=\frac{a_n^n}{a_{n+1}^n}=\frac{a_1^n+a_2^n+...+a_n^n}{a_2^n+a_3^n+...+a_{n+1}^n}=\frac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^n}{\left(a_2+a_3+...+a_{n+1}\right)^n}=\frac{a_1.a_2...a_n}{a_2.a_3...a_{n+1}}=\frac{a_1}{a_{n+1}}\)