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1. “Have you done your homework yet, Peter?”
Mum wanted to know if Peter had done his homework yet ............................................................................................................
2. “Where are you going to spend your holiday this summer, Sue?”
Mary asked Sue where she was going to spend your holiday that summer .........................................................................................................................
3. “Do you know how long it is from London to Cambridge?”
Tom asked me if I knew how long it was from from London to Cambridge.........................................................................................................................
4. “Will you phone me as soon as you arrive in Oxford, Carol?”
Cindy asked Carol if he would phone him as soon as he arrived in Oxford ..................................................................................................................
5. “Did the children play football in the park yesterday? ”
Grandma was interested in knowing if the children had played in the park the day before ......................................................................................
3. C. Turn the following questions into reported speech.
(Chuyển các câu hỏi sau thành câu gián tiếp.)
1. “How do they get downtown?”
=> He asked her how __________they got downtown______________.
2. “How long are you staying at the hotel?”
=> Nam asked me __________how long I was staying at the hotel______________.
3. “Do you have time for a walk?”
=> Greg asked me ___if I had time for a walk_____________________.
4. “What are your favorite books?”
=> She asked me ______what my favorite books were__________________.
5. “When will you start the lesson?”
=> He asked her _______when she would start the lesson_________________.
Không có từ để hỏi:
- Mrs Yen asked Hoa if she was a student
- She asked her friend if she liked English
- Mrs Yen asked the students whether they had done their homework the day before
- He asked his friend whether he would go to Ha Noi the next day
- My dad asked my brother if he was playing video games then
Có từ để hỏi :
- My friend asked me where I had gone the day before
- My mom asked me what I was doing then
- She asked her friends where they were from
- My mom asked me what I eaten the day before
- She asked her friend where she bought that car
Mệnh lệnh :
- My mom told me to do my homework
- My dad told me to give him a newspaper
- My mom told me not to leave the house
- My mom told me not to go out with my friends tonight
- My teacher told us to do our homework 
I. Khái niệm:
Lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) là sự lặp lại chính xác những từ của người nói.
Lời nói gián tiếp (indirect/reported speech) là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, đôi khi không cần phải dùng đúng những từ của người nói.
II.3 nguyên tắc cần nhớ khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Đổi ngôi, đổi tân ngữ
Lùi thì
Đổi cụm từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
Cụ thể như sau:
Rule (Quy tắc) | Direct speech (Trực tiếp) | Reported speech (Gián tiếp) |
1. Tenses (Thì) | Present simple (V/Vs/es) | Past simple (Ved) |
Present progressive (is/am/are+Ving) | Past progressive (was/were+Ving) | |
Present perfect (have/has+VpII) | Past perfect (had+VPII) | |
Past simple (Ved) | Past perfect (had +VpII) | |
Past progressive (was/were +Ving) | Past progressive/ | |
Past perfect | Past perfect | |
Future simple (will +V) | Future in the past (would +V) | |
Near future (is/am/are +going to+V) | Was/were +going to +V | |
2. Modal verbs | Can | Could |
3. Adverb of place | This | That |
These | Those | |
Here | There | |
4. Adverb of time | Now | Then |
Today | That day | |
Yesterday | The day before/ the previous day | |
The day before yesterday | Two days before | |
Tomorrow | The day after/the next (following) day | |
The day after tomorrow | Two days after/ in two days’ time | |
Ago | Before | |
This week | That week | |
Last week | The week before/ the previous week | |
Last night | The night before | |
Next week | The week after/ the following week | |
5.Subject/Object | I / me | She, he /Her, him |
We /our | They/ them | |
You/you | I, we/ me, us |
III. Cách chuyển câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu kể/tường thuật:
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | said | that + | Clause |
VD:
“I’m going to visit Japan next month”, she said. → She said that she was going to visit Japan the following month.
“He picked me up yesterday”, Lan said to me. → Lan said to me that he had picked her up the day before.
2.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu hỏi
Câu hỏi Yes/No question
Câu hỏi Yes/No question là câu hỏi mà người nghe sẽ phải lựa chọn trả lời Yes/No cho mỗi câu hỏi.
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | if | + Clause |
VD:
“Do you love English?”, the teacher asked. → The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
“Have you done your homeworked yet?”, they asked. → They asked me if/whether I had done my homework yet.
Lưu ý: Nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ “OR NOT” thì câu gián tiếp bắt buộc phải dùng WHETHER
“Does she roses or not?”, he wondered. → He wondered whether she d roses or not.
Câu hỏi Wh-questions
Câu hỏi Wh-questions là câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ hỏi Wh- (What, Where, When, Which, Why, How…)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked | + Clause (Wh-word + S + V(thì)) |
VD:
“Where do you live, Nam?”, asked she. → She asked Nam where he lived.
3. Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu mệnh lệnh (Vinf/ Don’t + Vinf, please)
Câu gián tiếp:
S + | asked/told/ordered/advised/wanted/warned | + sb + (not) to Vinf |
VD:
“Open the book page 117, please”,the teacher said. → The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
“Don’t touch that dog”, he said. → He asked/told me not to touch that dog.
1 The officer asked Sam what her name was
2 Linda asked the writer how he could drive there in that storm
3 The boss asked Mr Grey why he was wearing that awful shirt
4 Tina asked her Mum when the lunch would be ready
5 The psychologist asked Sylvie how he had tried to cope with that problem
1 Marty asked Kim if he would send her an e-mail
2 The police asked Mr Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident
3 The doctor asked Mrs Smith if she had given up smoking the month before
4 Mum asked me if I had done the washing up
5 The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home
6 I asked Greg if he liked sleeping
1. Marty asked Lim if he would send her an e-mail.
2. The police asked Mr. Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident.
3. The doctor asked Mrs. Smith if she had given up smoking the month brfore.
4. The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home.
5. I asked Greg if he liked sleeping.
1. Marty asked Kim if he would send her an e-mail
2. The police asked Mr Lloyd if he had been driving his car when he had had an accident
3. The doctor asked Mrs Smith if she had given up smoking the month before
4. Mum asked me if I had done the washing up
5. The teacher asked him if he couldn't phone his mother at home
6. I asked Greg if he liked sleeping
7. My neighbor asked me if my house had been redecorated.
8. Mum asked Ben if he had been punished for being late.
9. Tom asked his wife if he had to move the lawn in their garden that day.
10. Kate asked me if they were taking the dog for a walk then.
CÂU GIÁN TIẾP * Cho công thức free luôn nà :> . Lấy thì lấy hoq thì thoi :D *
B1 : Lùi thì
Vs/nt -- Ved
V2 - had V3
Am/is/are - was/were
Was/were - had been
Can - could / many - might - will - would
B2 : Đổi ngôi
I - He/she
You ---?
We - they
Our- thier
B3 : Đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Now - then ; this - that -- here,there
Yesterday - The day before
Tomorrow - The day after
Dạng 1 : Câu trần thuật bình thường :
S1 told that / said that + S + lùi thì
Dạng 2 : Câu mệnh lệnh
S1 told asked / reminded / orderd S2 to Vnt/ not to Vnt
Yêu cầu ai đó làm gì
Dạng 3 : Câu hỏi
S1 asked ( hỏi ) S2 if/ whether ( xem là ) + S + V lùi thì
S1 asked S2 + wh + S + V lùi thì
chuyển lại các câu hỏi gián tiếp sau
1) ' can you tell me why Paul left the eniversity without taking his degree? ' Paul's sister asked
=> Paul's sister asked me if I could tell her why Paul left the university withot talking his degree
2) ' who has been using my typewrite?' said my mother
=> My mother asked me who had been used her typewrite