Cho a + b + c = 0. Chứng minh rằng : a3 + a2c - abc + b2c + b3 = 0
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\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac>=0\)(vì a+b+c>0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\ge0\)
Vì \(a,b,c>0\Leftrightarrow a+b+c>0\)
Lại có \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Nhân vế theo vế ta được đpcm
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a3+b3+c3= (a+b)3-3ab(a+b)+c3
Thay a+b=-c vào, ta được:
a3 + b3 +c3 = (-c)3 -3ab(-c) +c3 = 3abc (đpcm)
Lời giải:
$a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c$
Ta có:
$a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3$
$=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=(-c)^3+3abc+c^3=3abc$ chứ không phải bằng $0$ nhé.
Do \(0\le a,b,c\le1\)
nên\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\\\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\ge0\\\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b-b-a^2+1\ge0\\b^2c-c-b^2+1\ge0\\c^2a-a-c^2+1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b\ge a^2+b-1\\b^2c\ge b^2+c-1\\c^2a\ge c^2+a-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta cũng có:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\le a^2+b+b^2+c+c^2+a\)
Do đó \(T=2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\le a^2+b+b^2+c+c^2+a\)\(-\left(a^2+b-1+b^2+c-1+c^2+a-1\right)\)
\(=3\)
Vậy GTLN của T=3, đạt được chẳng hạn khi \(a=1;b=0;c=1\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=>\(2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
=>ab+bc+ac=0
\(\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
=>\(\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ac\right)^3+\left(ab\right)^3}{\left(abc\right)^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
=>\(\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ac\right)^3+\left(ab\right)^3=3\left(abc\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc\right)^3-3\cdot ab\cdot bc\cdot\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(ac\right)^3=3\left(abc\right)^2\)
=>\(\left(-ac\right)^3-3\cdot ab\cdot bc\cdot\left(-ac\right)+\left(ac\right)^3-3\left(abc\right)^2=0\)
=>\(-a^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2-3a^2b^2c^2=0\)
=>0=0(đúng)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
a+b+c+d=0 => a+d= -b-c; (a+b)3=a3+b3+3ab(a+b) => a3+b3=(a+b)3-3ab(a+b)
a3+d3+b3+d3
=(a+d)3- 3ad(a+d)+ (b+c)3-3bc(b+c) (1)
Do a+d=-b-c nên pt (1) trở thành:
-(b+c)3-3ad(-b-c)+ (b+c)3-3bc(b+c)
=3ad(b+c)-3bc(b+c)
=3(b+c)(ad-bc) <đccm>
1. b3+b= 3
(b3+b)=3
b.(3+1)=3
b. 4= 3
b=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
a3+a= 3 b3
(a3+a)=3
a.(3+1)=3
a. 4= 3
a=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
2
Ta có :
\(a^3+a^2c-abc+b^2c+b^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3+b^3\right)+\left(a^2c-abc+b^2c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+c\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=0\) ( Luôn đúng vì \(a+b+c=0\) )
Wish you study well !!