Tìm x, y, z, t thuộc Z biết:
\(401\left(xyzt+xy+xt+t\right)=1281\left(yzt+y+t\right)\)
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Ta có :
\(31\left(xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1\right)=40\left(yzt+y+t\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{xyzt+xy+xt+zt+1}{yzt+y+t}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x\left(yzt+y+t\right)+zt+1}{yzt+y+t}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{zt+1}{yzt+y+t}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{yzt+y+t}{zt+1}\right)}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{\left(y+\frac{t}{zt+1}\right)}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{zt+1}{t}\right)}}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\frac{40}{31}< \frac{62}{31}=2\Rightarrow x< 2\)
Với x = 0; có :
\(\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}=\frac{31}{40}\)
Mà \(\frac{31}{40}< 1\Rightarrow y< 1\Rightarrow y=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}=\frac{31}{40}\)
\(\Rightarrow z+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{40}{31}\)
\(\cdot z=0\Rightarrow t=\frac{31}{40}\notin Z\)(Loại )
\(\cdot z=1\Rightarrow t=\frac{31}{9}\notin Z\)(Loại )
Với \(x=1;\)ta có :
\(\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}}=\frac{40}{31}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}}=\frac{9}{31}\)
\(\Rightarrow y+\frac{1}{z+\frac{1}{t}}=\frac{31}{9}\)
\(\frac{31}{9}< \frac{36}{9}=4\Rightarrow y< 4\)
\(\cdot y=0\Rightarrow z+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{9}{31}\Rightarrow z=0\Rightarrow t=\frac{31}{9}\notin Z\)(Loại)
\(\cdot y=1\Rightarrow z+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{9}{22}\Rightarrow z=0\Rightarrow t=\frac{22}{9}\notin Z\)(Loại)
\(\cdot y=2\Rightarrow z+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{9}{13}\Rightarrow z=0\Rightarrow t=\frac{13}{9}\notin Z\)(Loại )
\(\cdot y=3\Rightarrow z+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\frac{9}{4}< 3\Rightarrow z< 3\)
Vậy \(x=1;y=3;z=2;t=4.\)
Lời giải:
Đặt biểu thức vế trái là $A$
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(A[x(yz+zt+ty)+y(xz+zt+xt)+z(xt+yt+xy)+t(xy+yz+xz)]\geq \left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)^2\)
Vì $xyzt=1$ nên:
\(x(yz+zt+ty)+y(xz+zt+xt)+z(xt+yt+xy)+t(xy+yz+xz)=\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)\)
Do đó:
$A. 3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)\geq \left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\right)^2$
$\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}}{3}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}\geq 4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{xyzt}}=4$
Vậy $A\geq \frac{4}{3}$ (đpcm)