Tính giá trị của các biểu thức sau
a. \(\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}-\sqrt{2}}\)
b. \(\sqrt{\frac{129}{16}+\sqrt{2}}\)
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ĐK: \(x-9\ne0\Rightarrow x\ne9\)
\(\sqrt{x}\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge0\)
\(x+\sqrt{x}-6\ne0\Rightarrow x+3\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}-6\ne0\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-2\ne0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\ne2\Rightarrow x\ne4\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0;x\ne4;x\ne9\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x-3\sqrt{x}}{x-9}\right):\left(\frac{1}{x+\sqrt{x}-6}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}:\left(\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\left(\frac{1+\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}:\frac{1+x-9-x+4\sqrt{x}-4}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}.\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{4\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{4\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
2, Với \(x=\frac{25}{16}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\frac{25}{16}}=\frac{5}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{5}{4}-2\right)}{4\left(\frac{5}{4}-3\right)}=\frac{5}{4}.\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right):4\left(-\frac{7}{4}\right)=-\frac{15}{16}:-7=\frac{15}{112}\)
\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\orbr{\begin{cases}\\\end{cases}}\\\end{cases}}\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2< 0\\\sqrt{x}-3>0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}< 2\\\sqrt{x}>3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x< 4\\x>9\end{cases}}}\\\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2>0\\\sqrt{x}-3< 0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}>2\\\sqrt{x}< 3\end{cases}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x>4\\x< 9\end{cases}}}}\end{cases}}\)
a) đk: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne16\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
\(C=\frac{a}{a-16}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-4}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+4}\)
\(C=\frac{a-2\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)-2\cdot\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}\)
\(C=\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}-8-2\sqrt{a}+8}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}\)
\(C=\frac{a-4\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+4}\)
b) Ta có: \(a=9-4\sqrt{5}=\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{5}-2\)
Khi đó: \(C=\frac{\sqrt{5}-2}{\sqrt{5}-2+4}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-2}{\sqrt{5}+2}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}{1}=9-4\sqrt{5}\)
\(C=\frac{a}{a-16}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-4}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}+4}\)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge0\\a\ne16\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}-\frac{2\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}-\frac{2\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a-2\sqrt{a}-8-2\sqrt{a}+8}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a-4\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+4\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+4}\)
b) Với \(a=9-4\sqrt{5}\)( tmđk )
\(C=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+4}=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{a}+4}\)
\(C=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{9-4\sqrt{5}}+4}\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5-4\sqrt{5}+4}+4}\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}+4}\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{\left|\sqrt{5}-2\right|+4}\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}-2+4}\)
\(=1-\frac{4}{\sqrt{5}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}+2-4}{\sqrt{5}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{5}-2}{\sqrt{5}+2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{1}=9-4\sqrt{5}\)
a) \(\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{16}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(\left(\sqrt[6]{8}\right)^2=\sqrt[\dfrac{6}{2}]{8}=\sqrt[3]{8}=2\)
c) \(\sqrt[4]{3}\cdot\sqrt[4]{27}=\sqrt[4]{3\cdot27}=\sqrt[4]{81}=3\)
Bài 1
a) \(P=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{a+\sqrt{a}-2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}+\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{1-\sqrt{a}}\) (ĐK : x\(\ge0\) ; x\(\ne\) 1)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}+2}-\frac{\sqrt{a}-2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{a}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3a+\sqrt{9a}-3-a+1-a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+3\sqrt{a}+2}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
b) \(P=\frac{\sqrt{a}+1}{\sqrt{a}-1}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-1+2}{\sqrt{a}-1}=1+\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\)
Vậy để P là số nguyên thì: \(\sqrt{a}-1\inƯ\left(2\right)\)
Mà Ư(2)={-1;1;2;-1}
=> \(\sqrt{a}-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
\(\sqrt{a}-1\) | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
a | 4 | 0 | 9 | \(\sqrt{a}=-1\) (ktm) |
vậy a={0;4;9} thì P nguyên
Bài 2
\(P=\frac{\sqrt{a+4\sqrt{a-4}}+\sqrt{a-4\sqrt{a-4}}}{\sqrt{1-\frac{8}{a}+\frac{16}{a^2}}}\)(ĐK:a\(\ge\)8)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)+4\sqrt{a-4}+4}+\sqrt{\left(a-4\right)-4\sqrt{a-4}+4}}{\sqrt{\left(1-\frac{4}{a}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a-4}-2\right)^2}}{1-\frac{4}{a}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a-4}+2+\sqrt{a-4}-2:\frac{a-4}{a}\)
\(=2\sqrt{a-4}\cdot\frac{a}{a-4}\)
\(=\frac{2a}{\sqrt{a-4}}\)
\(M=4\frac{1}{3}-\sqrt{16}+5\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}-\frac{25}{\left(\sqrt{6}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{13}{3}-4+5\cdot\frac{2}{3}-\frac{25}{6}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{10}{3}-\frac{25}{6}\)
\(=\frac{11}{3}-\frac{25}{6}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{2}\)
a, \(\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}-\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{9}{4}-\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{4}}=\sqrt{\frac{9-4\sqrt{2}}{4}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-4\sqrt{2}+1}{4}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(2\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{2\sqrt{2}-1}{2}\)
b, \(\sqrt{\frac{129}{16}+\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\frac{129+16\sqrt{2}}{16}}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(8\sqrt{2}\right)^2+16\sqrt{2}+1}{16}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(8\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2}{16}}=\frac{8\sqrt{2}+1}{4}\)