Rút gọn biểu thức: \(A=\dfrac{1-ax}{1+ax}\sqrt{\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}}\)với \(x=\dfrac{1}{a}\sqrt{\dfrac{2a-b}{b}}\)và 0 < a < b < 2a
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Tham khảo:
\(x=\dfrac{1}{a}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b}-1}\Rightarrow ax=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+ax=\dfrac{\sqrt{2a-b}+\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{b}}\\1-ax=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-ax}{1+ax}=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2\left(b-a\right)}\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\dfrac{a^2-\left(2ab-b^2\right)}{\left(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}}=\dfrac{b-a}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1-ax}{1+ax}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\dfrac{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=1\)
\(Q=\frac{1+\text{ax}}{1-\text{ax}}\sqrt{\frac{1-bx}{1+bx}}\)
Ta có: \(x=\frac{1}{a}\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}\Rightarrow\text{ax}=\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}\Rightarrow1+\text{ax}=1+\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}=\frac{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}}\)
\(1-\text{ax}=\frac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\text{ax}}{1-\text{ax}}=\frac{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2b-2a}\left(1\right)\)
\(bx=\frac{b}{a}\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}=\frac{\sqrt{b}\left(2a-b\right)}{a}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1-bx=\frac{a-\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}}{a}\\1+bx=\frac{a+\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}}{a}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1-bx}{1+bx}=\frac{a-\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}}{a+\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}}=\frac{\left(a-\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}\right)^2}{a^2-2ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}\right)^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2\left(b-a\right)}.\frac{a-\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}}{a-b}=\frac{\text{[}2a+2\sqrt{b\left(2a-b\right)}\text{]}\left(a-b\sqrt{2a-b}\right)}{2\left(a-b\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left[a^2-b\left(2a-b\right)\right]}{2\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}{a\left(a-b\right)^2}=1\)
`a) 7x^2 - 2x + 3 = 0`
`(a = 7; b = -2; c = 3)`
`Δ = b^2 - 4ac = (-2)^2 - 4.7.3 = -80 < 0`
`=>` phương trình vô nghiệm
`b) 6x^2 + x + 5 = 0`
`(a = 6;b = 1;c = 5)`
`Δ = b^2 - 4ac = 1^2 - 4.6.5 = -119 < 0`
`=>` phương trình vô nghiệm
`c) 6x^2 + x - 5 = 0`
`(a = 6;b=1;c=-5)`
`Δ = b^2 - 4ac = 1^2 - 4.6.(-5) = 121 > 0`
`=>` phương trình có 2 nghiệm phân biệt
`x_1 = (-b + sqrt{Δ})/(2a) = (-1+ sqrt{121})/(2.6) = (-1+11)/12 = 10/12 = 5/6`
`x_2 = (-b - sqrt{Δ})/(2a) = (-1- sqrt{121})/(2.6) = (-1-11)/12 = -12/12 = -1`
Vậy phương trình có 1 nghiệm `x_1 = 5/6; x_2 = -1`
Lời giải:
\(x=\frac{1}{a}\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}\Rightarrow ax=\sqrt{\frac{2a-b}{b}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 1+ax=\frac{\sqrt{2a-b}+\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{b}}; 1-ax=\frac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1-ax}{1+ax}=\frac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}}=\frac{(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b})^2}{2(b-a)}\)
Lại có:
\(\frac{1+bx}{1-bx}=\frac{a+\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\frac{a^2-(2ab-b^2)}{(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2})^2}=\frac{(a-b)^2}{(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2})^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{\frac{1+bx}{1-bx}}=\frac{b-a}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}\)
Do đó:
$A=\frac{(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b})^2}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\frac{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=1$