Cho abc=24
Tính A=\(\dfrac{3a}{ab+3a+6}+\dfrac{4b}{bc+4b+12}+\dfrac{2c}{ac+2c +8}\)
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Lời giải:
Nếu $a+b+c=0$ thì:
\(a+b=-c; b+c=-a; c+a=-b\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{c}{a+b}=-1(\text{thỏa mãn giả thiết})\\ P=\frac{-c}{2c}+\frac{-a}{3a}+\frac{-b}{4b}=\frac{-1}{2}+\frac{-1}{3}+\frac{-1}{4}=\frac{-13}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu $a+b+c\neq 0$. Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\frac{a}{b+c}=\frac{b}{c+a}=\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+c+a+a+b}=\frac{a+b+c}{2(a+b+c)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c=2a; c+a=2b; a+b=2c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a+b}{2c}+\frac{b+c}{3a}+\frac{c+a}{4b}=\frac{2c}{2c}+\frac{2a}{3a}+\frac{2b}{4b}=1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{13}{6}\)
Đặt: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=t\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bt\\c=dt\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bt+5b}{3bt-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2t+5\right)}{b\left(3t-4\right)}=\dfrac{2t+5}{3t-4}\\\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dt+5d}{3dt-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2t+5\right)}{d\left(3t-4\right)}=\dfrac{2t+5}{3t-4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lại có :
\(VT=\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
Theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}-\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}-\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)(1)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)(2)
=> \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) và \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)(3)
Từ (2) và (3) => \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\) = \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) = \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)= > \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\) = \(\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)= \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}-\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)(4)
Từ (1) và (4)
=> \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)( đpcm)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\) (đpcm)
Chúc bạn học tốt nha
Điều kiện nào mà bạn chứng minh được như đề bài yêu cầu đc?
3a - 4b có khác 0 không?
cậu lý ở đâu ra đấy?
Lý luận đâu?
Ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3a}{ab+3a+6}=\dfrac{3ac}{abc+3ac+6c}=\dfrac{3ac}{24+3ac+6c}=\dfrac{ac}{8+ac+2c}\\\dfrac{4b}{bc+4b+12}=\dfrac{4ab}{abc+4ab+12a}=\dfrac{4ab}{24+4ab+12a}=\dfrac{ab}{6+ab+3a}=\dfrac{abc}{6c+abc+3ac}=\dfrac{24}{6c+24+3ac}=\dfrac{8}{2c+8+ac}\\\dfrac{2c}{ac+2c+8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\dfrac{ac}{ac+2c+8}+\dfrac{2c}{ac+2c+8}+\dfrac{8}{ac+2c+8}=\dfrac{ac+2c+8}{ac+2c+8}=1\)
=>A=1