PT : FexOy + HNO3 =>Fe(NO3)3 + NO +H2O
MxOy + HNO3 => M(NO3)n + NO +H2O
Cân bằng theo số oxi hóa
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\(1\\ FeS \to Fe^{3+} + S^{+6} + 9e\\ N^{+5} \to N^{+4} + 1e\\ FeS + 12HNO_3 \to Fe(NO_3)_3 + H_2SO_4 + 9NO_2 + 5H_2O\)
\(2\\ M^0 \to M^{+3} + 3e\\ N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}\\ M + 4HNO_3 \to M(NO_3)_3 + NO + 2H_2O\)
\(xM^{\dfrac{2y}{x}} \to xM^{+n} + (xn-2y)e\\ S^{+6} + 2e \to S^{+4} \\ S^{+6} + 8e \to S^{-2}\\ 10M_xO_y + (5n+2xn-4y)H_2SO_4 \to 5xM_2(SO_4)_n + (xn-2y)SO_2 + (xn-2y)H_2S +(5n+xn-2y) H_2O\)
a)\(3M+4nHNO_3-->3M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nNO+2nH_2O\)
b)
\(2M+2nH_2SO_4-->M_2\left(SO_4\right)_n+nSO_2+2nH_2O\)
c)
\(8M+30HNO_3-->8M\left(NO_3\right)_3+3N_2O+15H_2O\)
d)
\(8M+10nHNO_3-->8M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nN_2O+5nH_2O\)
e)\(\left(5x-2y\right)Fe+\left(15x-3y\right)HNO_3-->\left(5x-2y\right)Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+3N_xO_y+\left(\dfrac{15x-3y}{2}\right)H_2O\)
f) \(3Fe_xO_y+\left(6x+2y\right)HNO_3-->3xFe\left(NO_3\right)_3+\left(2y-3x\right)NO+\left(3x+y\right)H_2O\)
g)\(Fe_xO_y+\left(6x-2y\right)HNO_3-->xFe\left(NO_3\right)_3+\left(3x-2y\right)NO_2+\left(3x-y\right)H_2O\) h)\(Fe_xO_y+2yHCl-->xFeCl_{\dfrac{2y}{x}}+yH_2O\)
i)\(2Fe_xO_y+2yH_2SO_4-->xFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_{\dfrac{2y}{x}}+2yH_2O\)
Bạn xem lại PT 1 và 3 nhé.
\(\overset{0}{Al}+H\overset{+5}{N}O_3\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Al}\left(NO_3\right)_3+\overset{0}{N_2}+H_2O\)
\(\overset{0}{Al\rightarrow}\overset{+3}{Al}+3e|\times10\)
\(2\overset{+5}{N}+10e\rightarrow\overset{0}{N_2}|\times3\)
⇒ 10Al + 36HNO3 → 10Al(NO3)3 + 3N2 + 18H2O
\(\overset{^{+2y/x}}{Fe_x}O_y+H\overset{+5}{N}O_3\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Fe}\left(NO_3\right)_3+\overset{+4}{N}O_2+H_2O\)
\(\overset{^{+2y/x}}{Fe_x}\rightarrow x\overset{+3}{Fe}+\left(3x-2y\right)e|\times1\)
\(\overset{+5}{N}+e\rightarrow\overset{+4}{N}|\times\left(3x-2y\right)\)
⇒ FexOy + (6x-2y)HNO3 → xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NO2 + (3x-y)H2O
\(a,4Mg+10HNO_3\to 4Mg(NO_3)_2+NH_4NO_3\uparrow+3H_2O\\ b,2Fe_xO_y+(6x-2y)H_2SO_4\to xFe_2(SO_4)_3+(3x-2y)SO_2\uparrow+(6x-2y)H_2O\\ c,3Fe_xO_y+(12x-2y)HNO_3\to 3xFe(NO_3)_3+(3x-2y)NO\uparrow+(6x-y)H_2O\\ d,2FeO+4H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+SO_2\uparrow+4H_2O\\ e,3Fe_3O_4+28HNO_3\to 9Fe(NO_3)_3+NO\uparrow+14H_2O\)
b)
$S^{-2} + 2e \to S^0$
$N^{+5} \to N^{+2} + 3e$
$3H_2S + 2HNO_3 \to 3S + 2NO + 4H_2O$
c)
$Mg^0 \to Mg^{+2} + 2e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$
$3Mg + 8HNO_3 \to 3Mg(NO_3)_2 + 2NO + 4H_2O$
e)
$Al^0 \to Al^{+3} + 3e$
$S^{+6} + 2e \to S^{+4}$
$2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$
g)
$Cu_2S \to 2Cu^{+2} + S^{+6} + 10e$
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$
$3Cu_2S + 16HNO_3 \to 3Cu(NO_3)_2 + 3CuSO_4 + 10NO + 8H_2O$
3FexOy + (12x - 2y)HNO3 ===> 3xFe(NO3)3 + (3x - 2y)NO + (6x - y)H2O
3FexOy + (12x - 2y ) HNO3 => 3xFe(NO3)3 + (3x - 2y)NO + (6x - y)H2O
3FexOy + (12x-2y)HNO3 3xFe(NO3)3 + (3x-2y)NO + (6x-y)H2O
3MxOy + (4nx - 2y)HNO3 = 3xM(NO3)n + (nx - 2y)NO + (2nx - y)H2O