Cho A = \(\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
Chứng minh A < 1
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\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+....+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+....+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+....+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(2A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
=> \(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1^2}{2^2}+\frac{1^3}{2^3}+........+\frac{1^{99}}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
=>B=\(1-\frac{1}{2^{98}}\Rightarrow B
2) Theo nguyên lí Dirichlet, trong ba số \(a^2-1;b^2-1;c^2-1\) có ít nhất hai số nằm cùng phía với 1.
Giả sử đó là a2 - 1 và b2 - 1. Khi đó \(\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+3a^2+3b^2+9\ge4a^2+4b^2+8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+3\right)\left(b^2+3\right)\left(c^2+3\right)\ge4\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\) (2)
Mà \(4\left[\left(a^2+b^2+1+1\right)\left(1+1+c^2+1\right)\right]\ge4\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (3)(Áp dụng Bunhicopxki và cái ngoặc vuông)
Từ (2) và (3) ta có đpcm.
Sai thì chịu
Xí quên bài 2 b:v
b) Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(\left(a^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(b^2-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ge0\)
Suy ra \(a^2b^2-\frac{1}{4}a^2-\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{1}{16}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2+a^2+b^2+1\ge\frac{5}{4}a^2+\frac{5}{4}b^2+\frac{15}{16}\)
Hay \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(a^2+b^2+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}+c^2+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{5}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{2}c+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{5}{16}\left(a+b+c+1\right)^2\) (Bunhiacopxki) (đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(2B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.............+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+...........+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+.......+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^{99}.A=2^{99}-1\left(đpcm\right)\)
B = \(\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
B = \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
2B = \(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}\)
2B - B = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
=> B = \(1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}
Bạn ra bài muộn thế mọi người ngủ cả rồi ai giúp nữa
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{99}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}-\)
\(2A-A=A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{98}}-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^3}-...-\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{99}}