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a)
$MgCl_2 + 2NaOH \to Mg(OH)_2 + 2NaCl$
$Mg(OH)_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} MgO + H_2O$
b)
$n_{Mg(OH)_2} = n_{MgCl_2} = \dfrac{38}{95} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{Mg(OH)_2} = 0,4.58 = 23,2(gam)$
c)
$n_{MgO} = n_{MgCl_2} = 0,4(mol)$
$m_{MgO} = 0,4.40 = 16(gam)$
\(a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\\ 2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\rightarrow^{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\uparrow\\ b,n_{FeCl_3}=1,5\cdot0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,9}{2}=0,45\left(l\right)\)
Theo đề: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}X:Fe\left(OH\right)_3\\A:NaCl\\Y:Fe_2O_3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,45+0,2}\approx1,4M\)
\(c,\) Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_X=m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=0,3\cdot107=32,1\left(g\right)\\m_Y=m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,15\cdot160=24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{1,35}{135}=0,01(mol)\\ n_{KOH}=\dfrac{28.10}{100.56}=0,05(mol)\\ a,CuCl_2+2KOH\to Cu(OH)_2\downarrow+2KCl\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \dfrac{n_{CuCl_2}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{2}\Rightarrow KOH\text{ dư}\\ b,n_{CuO}=n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,01(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,01.80=0,8(g)\)
\(c,n_{KCl}=0,02(mol);n_{KOH(dư)}=0,05-0,01.2=0,03(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,01.98=0,98(g);m_{KCl}=0,02.74,9=1,49(g)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{KCl}=\dfrac{1,49}{1,35+28-0,98}.100\%=5,25\%\\ C\%_{KOH(dư)}=\dfrac{0,03.56}{1,35+28-0,98}.100=5,92\% \end{cases}\)
\(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{1,35}{135}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{10.28}{100}=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2KCl|\)
1 2 1 2
0,01 0,05 0,01 0,02
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O|\)
1 1 1
0,01 0,01
b) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,05}{2}\)
⇒ CuCl2 phản ứng hết , KOH dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của CuCl2
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CuO}=0,01.80=0,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,01.2}{1}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{KCl}=0,02.74,5=1,49\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{KOH\left(dư\right)}=0,05-\left(0,01.2\right)=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{KOH\left(dư\right)}=0,03.56=1,68\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=1,35+28=29,35\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{KCl}=\dfrac{1,49.100}{29,35}=5,08\)0/0
\(C_{ddKOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1,68.100}{29,35}=5,72\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a, \(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_3\)
\(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_3}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=2,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{2,4}{0,4+0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeCl_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,4.160=64\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl3}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(FeCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)
0,8----------------------->0,8----------->2,4
b) \(C_{MNaCl}=\dfrac{2,4}{0,4+0,2}=4M\)
c) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
0,8--------------->0,4
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{Fe2O3}=0,4.160=64\left(g\right)\)
MgCl2 + 2NaOH -> 2NaCl + Mg(OH)2 (1)
Mg(OH)2 -> MgO + H2O (2)
nMgCl2=0,2.0,15=0,03(mol)
nNaOH=0,2.0,2=0,04(mol)
Vì \(\dfrac{0,04}{2}< 0,03\) nên MgCl2 dư 0,1 mol
Theo PTHH 1 ta có:
nMg(OH)2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nNaOH=0,02(mol)
nNaCl=nNaOH=0,04(mol)
Theo PTHH 2 ta có:
nMgO=nMg(OH)2=0,02(mol)
mMgO=40.0,02=0,8(g)
CM dd MgCl2=\(\dfrac{0,01}{0,4}=0,025M\)
CM dd NaCl=\(\dfrac{0,04}{0,4}=0,01M\)