Tìm Min, Max:
\(y=2Sin^2x+3SinxCosx+Cos^2x\)
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b) \(2sin^2x-3sinxcosx+cos^2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2tan^2x-3tanx+1=0\left(cosx\ne0\Leftrightarrow x\ne\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=1\\tanx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=tan\dfrac{\pi}{4}\\tanx=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=arctan\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\left(k\in Z\right)\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(B=\cos 2x+\sqrt{1+2\sin ^2x}=\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x+\sqrt{1+2\sin ^2x}\)
\(=1-2\sin ^2x+\sqrt{1+2\sin ^2x}\)
Đặt \(\sin ^2x=t(t\in [0;1])\). Khi đó:
\(B=1-2t+\sqrt{1+2t}\)
\(B'=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+2t}}-2=0\Leftrightarrow t=-\frac{3}{8}\) (loại)
Lập bảng biến thiên suy ra:
\(B_{\max}=B(0)=2\)
\(B_{\min}=B(1)=\sqrt{3}-1\)
1, \(y=2-sin\left(\dfrac{3x}{2}+x\right).cos\left(x+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(y=2-\left(-cosx\right).\left(-sinx\right)\)
y = 2 - sinx.cosx
y = \(2-\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x\)
Max = 2 + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) = 2,5
Min = \(2-\dfrac{1}{2}\) = 1,5
2, y = \(\sqrt{5-\dfrac{1}{2}sin^22x}\)
Min = \(\sqrt{5-\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Max = \(\sqrt{5}\)
\(y=\frac{2cos^2x+2sinx.cosx}{2+2sin^2x}=\frac{1+cos2x+sin2x}{3-cos2x}\)
\(\Rightarrow3y-y.cos2x=1+cos2x+sin2x\)
\(\Rightarrow sin2x+\left(y+1\right)cos2x=3y-1\)
Theo điều kiện có nghiệm của pt lượng giác bậc nhất:
\(1^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\ge\left(3y-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8y^2-8y-1\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2-\sqrt{6}}{4}\le y\le\frac{2+\sqrt{6}}{4}\)
a.
\(y'=\dfrac{2-x}{2x^2\sqrt{x-1}}=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(y\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(y\left(2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; \(y\left(5\right)=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=y\left(1\right)=0\)
\(y_{max}=y\left(2\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b.
\(y'=\dfrac{1-3x}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)^3}}< 0\) ; \(\forall x\in\left[1;3\right]\Rightarrow\) hàm nghịch biến trên [1;3]
\(\Rightarrow y_{max}=y\left(1\right)=\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(y_{min}=y\left(3\right)=\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{10}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{10}}{5}\)
c.
\(y=1-cos^2x-cosx+1=-cos^2x-cosx+2\)
Đặt \(cosx=t\Rightarrow t\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=-t^2-t+2\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=-2t-1=0\Rightarrow t=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=2\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(f\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=0\) ; \(y_{max}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
d.
Đặt \(sinx=t\Rightarrow t\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=t^3-3t^2+2\Rightarrow f'\left(t\right)=3t^2-6t=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\notin\left[-1;1\right]\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=-2\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=0\) ; \(f\left(0\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=-2\) ; \(y_{max}=2\)
\(y=2sin^2x+3sinx.cosx+cos^2x\)
\(=-\left(1-2sin^2x\right)+\dfrac{3}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2cos^2x-1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=-cos2x+\dfrac{3}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}sin2x-\dfrac{1}{2}cos2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}sin2x-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{10}}cos2x\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}sin\left(2x-arccos\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vì \(sin\left(2x-arccos\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\right)\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}sin\left(2x-arccos\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\in\left[-\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow y_{min}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-arccos\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\right)=-1\Leftrightarrow...\)
\(y_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{10}}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x-arccos\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}}\right)=1\Leftrightarrow...\)