Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) \(x^2-5x-24\) . f) \(x^2-6x-y^2-4y+5\) .
b) \(2x^2-5x-12\) . g) \(x^2+x-1\) .
c) \(x^4+x^2+1\) . h) \(\left(x^2+2x\right)^2+9x^2+18x+20\) .
d) \(x^4-21x^2+1\) .
e) \(x^4+4y^4\) .
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a) x2+x-2
= x2-x+2x-2
= x(x-1)+2(x-1)
= (x+2)(x-1)
b) 2x2+5x+3
= 2x2+2x+3x+3
= 2x(x+1)+3(x+1)
= (2x+3)(x+1)
c) 3x2+5x-2
= 3x2+6x-1x-2
= 3x(x+2)-1(x+2)
= (3x-1)(x+2)
a: \(x^4+3x^3+x^2+3x\)
\(=x\left(x^3+3x^2+x+3\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
c: \(x^2-xy-x+y\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
a)A=(x2+2x)+9x2+18x+20
=(x2+2x)+9(x2+2x)+20
Đặt t=x2+2x đc:
t+9t+20=10t+20=10(t+2)
Thay t=x2+2x vào đc:
10(x2+2x+2)
/ (4x−2)(10x+4)(5x+7)(2x+1)+17=0
⇔(4x−2)(5x+7)(10x+4)(2x+1)+17=0
⇔(20x2+18x−14)(20x2+18x+4)+17=0
Đặt t= 20x2+18x+4(t≥0) ta có:
(t-18).t +17=0
⇔t2−18t+17=0
⇔(t−17)(t−1)=0
⇔[t=17(tm)t=1(tm) ⇔[20x2+18x+4=1720x2+18x+4=1⇔[20x2+18x−13=020x2+18+3=0
⇔[(20x+9−341−−−√)(20x+9+341−−−√)=0(20x+9−21−−√)(20x+9+21−−√)=0
⇔⎡⎣⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢⎢x=−9+341−−−√20x=−9−341−−−√20x=−9+21−−√20x=−9−21−−√20
\(a,\)\(\left(4x-2\right)\left(10x+4\right)\left(5x+7\right)\left(2x+1\right)+17\)
\(=\left(4x-2\right)\left(5x+7\right)\left(10x+4\right)\left(2x+1\right)+17\)
\(=\left(20x^2+18x-5\right)\left(20x^2+18x+4\right)+17\)
Đặt ....
\(x^5+y^5-\left(x+y\right)^5\)
\(=x^5+y^5-\left(x^5+5x^4y+10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3+8xy^4+y^5\right)\)
\(=-5xy\left(x^3+2x^2y+2xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(=-5xy\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+2xy\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=-5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(5x^2-4\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-5=\left(5x^2-5\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=5\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)^2=\left(x-1\right)\left[5\left(x+1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)\right]=\left(x-1\right)\left(5x+5-4x+4\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+9\right)\)
a) 3x³ + 6x²y
= 3x².(x + 2y)
b) 2x³ - 6x²
= 2x².(x - 2)
c) 18x² - 20xy
= 2x.(9x - 10y)
d) xy + y² - x - y
= (xy + y²) - (x + y)
= y(x + y) - (x + y)
= (x + y)(y - 1)
e) (x²y² - 8)² - 1
= (x²y² - 8 - 1)(x²y² - 8 + 1)
= (x²y² - 9)(x²y² - 7)
= (xy - 3)(xy + 3)(x²y² - 7)
f) x² - 7x - 8
= x² - 8x + x - 8
= (x² - 8x) + (x - 8)
= x(x - 8) + (x - 8)
= (x - 8)(x + 1)
a: \(3x^3+6x^2y\)
\(=3x^2\cdot x+3x^2\cdot2y=3x^2\left(x+2y\right)\)
b: \(2x^3-6x^2=2x^2\cdot x-2x^2\cdot3=2x^2\left(x-3\right)\)
c: \(18x^2-20xy=2x\cdot9x-2x\cdot10y=2x\left(9x-10y\right)\)
d: \(xy+y^2-x-y\)
\(=y\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
e: \(\left(x^2y^2-8\right)^2-1\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-8-1\right)\left(x^2y^2-8+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-7\right)\left(x^2y^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2-7\right)\left(xy-3\right)\left(xy+3\right)\)
f: \(x^2-7x-8\)
\(=x^2-8x+x-8\)
\(=x\left(x-8\right)+\left(x-8\right)=\left(x-8\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
g: \(10x^2\left(2x-y\right)+6xy\left(y-2x\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(2x-y\right)\cdot5x-2x\cdot\left(2x-y\right)\cdot3y\)
\(=2x\left(2x-y\right)\left(5x-3y\right)\)
h: \(x^2-2x+1-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)
i: \(2x\left(x+2\right)+x^2\left(-x-2\right)\)
\(=2x\left(x+2\right)-x^2\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(2x-x^2\right)=x\cdot\left(x+2\right)\left(2-x\right)\)
k: \(-x^2+6x-9=-\left(x^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot3+3^2\right)=-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
l: \(-2x^2+8xy-8y^2\)
\(=-2\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\)
\(=-2\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
m: \(3x^2+5x-3y^2-5y\)
\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y+5\right)\)