cho a, b là các số thực dương thỏa mãn 2a+3b≤4
Tìm Min M=\(\dfrac{2003}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{2016}{b}\)+3000a−5502b
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
15 tháng 2 2022
\(4=2a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{4}=\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}-2\right)+\left(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}+ab\right)-ab+2\)
\(\Rightarrow4=\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2-ab+2\)
\(\Rightarrow ab=\left(a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(M_{min}=-2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-\dfrac{1}{a}=0\\a+\dfrac{b}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;-2\right);\left(-1;2\right)\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
19 tháng 9 2021
\(\dfrac{a}{a+2b^3}=a-\dfrac{2ab^3}{a+b^3+b^3}\ge a-\dfrac{2ab^3}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^6}}=a-\dfrac{2}{3}.b\sqrt[3]{a^2}\ge a-\dfrac{2}{9}b\left(a+a+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+2b^3}\ge a-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(2ab+b\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{b+2c^3}\ge b-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(2bc+c\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{c+2a^3}\ge c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(2ac+a\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(A\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{2}{9}\left(2ab+2bc+2ca+a+b+c\right)=3-\dfrac{2}{9}\left[2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3\right]\)
\(A\ge3-\dfrac{2}{9}\left[\dfrac{2}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+3\right]=1\)
20 tháng 2 2022
\(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{16}{2a+3b+3c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{16}{2b+3a+3c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{16}{2c+3a+3b}\)
cộng tất cả lại ta được \(4.2017\ge16.\left(\dfrac{1}{2a+3b+3c}+\dfrac{1}{2b+3a+3c}+\dfrac{1}{2c+3a+3b}\right)< =>P\le\dfrac{2017}{4}\)
dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b}=\dfrac{1}{b+c}=\dfrac{1}{a+c}\\\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}=2017\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=c\\\dfrac{3}{2a}=\dfrac{3}{2b}=\dfrac{3}{2c}=2017\end{matrix}\right.< =>a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4034}}\)
21 tháng 8 2021
\(Q=\dfrac{2002}{a}+\dfrac{2017}{b}+2996a-5501b=\left(\dfrac{2002}{a}+8008a\right)+\left(\dfrac{2017}{b}+2017b\right)-\left(5012a+7518b\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2002}{a}+8008a\right)+\left(\dfrac{2017}{b}+2017b\right)-2506\left(2a+3b\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi cho 2 số dương:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2002}{a}+8008\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2002}{a}.8008}=8008\\\dfrac{2017}{b}+2017b\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2017}{b}.2017b}=4034\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(2a+3b=4\Rightarrow-\left(2a+3b\right)=-4\Leftrightarrow-2506\left(2a+3b\right)=-10024\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge8008+4034-10024=2018\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=2003\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+4a\right)+2016\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+b\right)-5012a-7518b\)
\(M=2003\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+4a\right)+2016\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+b\right)-2506\left(2a+3b\right)\)
\(M\ge2003.2\sqrt{\dfrac{4a}{a}}+2016.2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{b}}-2506.4=2020\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};1\right)\)