Để trung hòa một lượng dd có chứa 189g HNO3 đầu tiên dùng dd có chứa 112g KOH. Sau đó lại dùng thêm dd BA(OH)2 25% để trung hòa hết axit
a.Viết PTHH
b. Tính khối lượng dd BA(OH)2 đã dùng
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
PTHH: \(HCl+KOH\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(2HCl_{\left(dư\right)}+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Axit dư nên tính theo KOH
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{HCl}=\dfrac{109,5}{36,5}=3\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=\dfrac{112}{56}=2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddBa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot171}{25\%}=342\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(KOH+HNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+H_2O\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{112}{56}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{189}{63}=3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) HNO3 dư 1 mol
\(\Rightarrow n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddBa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot171}{25\%}=342\left(g\right)\)
nno3=\(\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{189}{63}=3\left(mol\right)\)
nkoh=\(\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{112}{56}=2\left(mol\right)\)
pthh: HNO3 + KOH \(\rightarrow\) HNO3 + H2O 1.
2HNO3 + Ba(OH)2 \(\rightarrow\) Ba(NO3)2 + 2H2O 2.
Theo pthh 1 : nno3 =nkoh=2(mol)
\(n_{hno3dư_{ }}=1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh 2 : nba(oh)2=nhno3=1(mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ba\left(ọh\right)_{2_{ }}=n.M=1.171=171\left(g\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddBa\left(oh\right)_2}=\dfrac{m_{ct}.100\%}{C\%}=\dfrac{117.100\%}{25}=468\left(g\right)\)
a)\(CaCO_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow CaO+CO_2\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{40.80\%}{100}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
b) \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CO_2}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,32.74}{0,5\%}=4736\left(g\right)\)
\(2HCl+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT : \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=2.\dfrac{400.1,2.17,1\%}{171}=0,96\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,96.36,5}{3,65\%.1,05}=914,29\left(ml\right)\)
\(m_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=400\cdot1.2\cdot17.1\%=82.08\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{82.08}{171}=0.48\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.48..............0.96\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.96\cdot36.5=35.04\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{35.04}{3.65\%}=960\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{960}{1.05}=1008\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(C_{M_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
b, \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)
c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{20\%}=91,25\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ CO_2+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+H_2O\\ n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1mol\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{20\%}\cdot100\%=49g\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{1,14}=42,98ml\)
a) nHNO3=189/63=3(mol); nKOH= 112/56=2(mol)
PTHH: KOH + HNO3 -> KNO3 + H2O
Ta có: 3/1 > 2/1
-> KOH hết, HNO3 (dư)
nHNO3(p.ứ)= nKOH=2(mol) -> nHNO3(dư)=3-2=1(mol)
2 HNO3 + Ba(OH)2 -> Ba(NO3)2 + 2 H2O
1________0,5(mol)
b) => mBa(OH)2= 171.0,5= 85,5(g)
cảm ơn nhiều ạ