Tìm các khoảng đồng biến, nghịch biến của các hàm số
a) \(y=\dfrac{3-2x}{x+7}\)
b) \(y=\dfrac{1}{\left(x-5\right)^2}\)
c) \(y=\dfrac{2x}{x^2-9}\)
d) \(y=\dfrac{x^4+48}{x}\)
e) \(y=\dfrac{x^2-2x+3}{x+1}\)
g) \(y=\dfrac{x^2-5x+3}{x-2}\)
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a.
\(y'=-\dfrac{3}{2}x^3+\dfrac{6}{5}x^2-x+5\)
b.
\(y'=\dfrac{\left(x^2+4x+5\right)'}{2\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}}=\dfrac{2x+4}{2\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}}=\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2+4x+5}}\)
c.
\(y=\left(3x-2\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}\Rightarrow y'=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(3x-2\right)^{-\dfrac{2}{3}}=\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt[3]{\left(3x-2\right)^2}}\)
d.
\(y'=2\sqrt{x+2}+\dfrac{2x-1}{2\sqrt{x+2}}=\dfrac{6x+7}{2\sqrt{x+2}}\)
e.
\(y'=3sin^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-5x\right).\left[sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-5x\right)\right]'=-15sin^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-5x\right).cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-5x\right)\)
g.
\(y'=4cot^3\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-3x\right)\left[cot\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-3x\right)\right]'=12cot^3\left(\dfrac{\pi}{6}-3x\right).\dfrac{1}{sin^2\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}-3x\right)}\)
a. \(y'=\dfrac{-1}{\left(x-1\right)}\)
b. \(y'=\dfrac{5}{\left(1-3x\right)^2}\)
c. \(y=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2+1}{x+1}=x+1+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\Rightarrow y'=1-\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^2+2x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
d. \(y'=\dfrac{4x\left(x^2-2x-3\right)-2x^2\left(2x-2\right)}{\left(x^2-2x-3\right)^2}=\dfrac{-4x^2-12x}{\left(x^2-2x-3\right)^2}\)
e. \(y'=1+\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^2-2x+3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
g. \(y'=\dfrac{\left(4x-4\right)\left(2x+1\right)-2\left(2x^2-4x+5\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{4x^2+4x-14}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
2.
a. \(y'=4\left(x^2+x+1\right)^3.\left(x^2+x+1\right)'=4\left(x^2+x+1\right)^3\left(2x+1\right)\)
b. \(y'=5\left(1-2x^2\right)^4.\left(1-2x^2\right)'=-20x\left(1-2x^2\right)^4\)
c. \(y'=3\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)^2.\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)'=3\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)^2.\left(\dfrac{-3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)=\dfrac{-9\left(2x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^4}\)
d. \(y'=\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^3-3\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^6}=\dfrac{-x^2-6x-5}{\left(x-1\right)^4}\)
e. \(y'=-\dfrac{\left[\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^2\right]'}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^4}=-\dfrac{2\left(x^2-2x+5\right)\left(2x-2\right)}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^4}=-\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^3}\)
f. \(y'=4\left(3-2x^2\right)^3.\left(3-2x^2\right)'=-16x\left(3-2x^2\right)^3\)
a: \(y'=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)'\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)'}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+1-x+1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{2}{\left(x+1\right)^2}>0\)
=>Hàm số luôn đồng biến khi x<>-1
vậy: Các khoảng đồng biến là \(\left(-\infty;-1\right);\left(-1;+\infty\right)\)
b: \(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x+1\right)'\left(8x-1\right)-\left(2x+1\right)\left(8x-1\right)'}{\left(8x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(8x-1\right)-8\left(2x+1\right)}{\left(8x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{16x-2-16x-8}{\left(8x-1\right)^2}=-\dfrac{10}{\left(8x-1\right)^2}< 0\)
=>Hàm số nghịch biến khi x<>1/8
Vậy: Các khoảng nghịch biến là \(\left(-\infty;\dfrac{1}{8}\right);\left(\dfrac{1}{8};+\infty\right)\)
a) TXĐ: \(D=R\).
b) \(TXD=D=R\backslash\left\{4\right\}\)
c) Đkxđ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+1\ge0\\-2x+1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{-1}{4}\\x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-1}{4}\le x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\).
TXĐ: D = \(\left[\dfrac{-1}{4};\dfrac{1}{2}\right]\)
a) Đkxđ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+9\ge0\\x^2+8x-20\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-9\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne2\\x\ne-10\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-9\\x\ne2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Txđ: D = [ - 9; 2) \(\cup\) \(\left(2;+\infty\right)\)
b) Đkxđ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+1\ne0\\x-3\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne\dfrac{-1}{2}\\x\ne3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Txđ: \(D=R\backslash\left\{\dfrac{-1}{2};3\right\}\)
c) \(x^2+2x-5\ne0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1+\sqrt{6}\\x\ne-1-\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Txđ: \(D=R\backslash\left\{-1+\sqrt{6};-1-\sqrt{6}\right\}\)