Cho \(\tan\alpha+\cot\alpha=m\), hãy tính theo \(m\) :
a) \(\tan^2\alpha+\cot^2\alpha\)
b) \(\tan^3\alpha+\cot^3\alpha\)
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Lời giải:
a.
$\tan a+\cot a=2\Leftrightarrow \tan a+\frac{1}{\tan a}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{\tan ^2a+1}{\tan a}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow \tan ^2a-2\tan a+1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (\tan a-1)^2=0\Rightarrow \tan a=1$
$\cot a=\frac{1}{\tan a}=1$
$1=\tan a=\frac{\cos a}{\sin a}\Rightarrow \cos a=\sin a$
Mà $\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a=1$
$\Rightarrow \cos a=\sin a=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
b.
Vì $\sin a=\cos a=\pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
$\Rightarrow \sin a\cos a=\frac{1}{2}$
$E=\frac{\sin a.\cos a}{\tan ^2a+\cot ^2a}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{1+1}=\frac{1}{4}$
sin a=3/5
=>cos a=4/5
tan a=3/5:4/5=3/4; cot a=1:3/4=4/3
M=(4/3+3/4):(4/3-3/4)=25/7
\(tan^2a+cot^2a=\left(tana+cota\right)^2-2=m^2-2\)
\(tan^4a+cot^4a=\left(tan^2a+cot^2a\right)^2-2=\left(m^2-2\right)^2-2\)
\(tan^6a+cot^6a=\left(tan^2a+cot^2a\right)^3-3\left(tan^2a+cot^2a\right)\)
\(=\left(m^2-2\right)^3-3\left(m^2-2\right)\)
\(m^2=\left(tana+cota\right)^2=\left(tana-cota\right)^2+4tana.cota\)
\(\Rightarrow m^2=\left(tana-cota\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|m\right|\ge2\)
\(\left(tana+cota\right)^2=m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow tan^2a+cot^2a+2=m^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow tan^2a+cot^2a-2.tana.cota=m^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(tana-cota\right)^2=m^2-4\)
\(\Rightarrow tana-cota=\pm\sqrt{m^2-4}\)
\(0< a< 90^0\)
=>\(sina>0\)
\(sin^2a+cos^2a=1\)
=>\(sin^2a=1-\dfrac{9}{16}=\dfrac{7}{16}\)
=>\(sina=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{4}\)
\(tana=\dfrac{sina}{cosa}=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{4}:\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{3}\)
\(cota=\dfrac{1}{tana}=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{7}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{tana+3cota}{tana+cota}=\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{3}+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{7}}}{\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{7}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{7}}{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{34}{3\sqrt{7}}:\dfrac{16}{3\sqrt{7}}=\dfrac{17}{8}\)
a) \(tan^2\alpha+cot^2\alpha=\left(tan\alpha+cot\alpha\right)^2-2tan\alpha cot\alpha\)
\(=m^2-2\).
b) \(tan^3\alpha+cot^3\alpha=\left(tan\alpha+cot\alpha\right)\)\(\left(tan^2\alpha-tan\alpha cot\alpha+cot^2\alpha\right)\)
\(=m\left(tan^2\alpha+cot^2\alpha-tan\alpha cot\alpha\right)\)
\(=m\left(m^2-2-2\right)=m\left(m^2-3\right)\).