Cho a, b, c, d là những số dương.
Chứng minh rằng :
\(a^2b+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2a\)
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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\((a+b)^2+\frac{a+b}{2}=(a+b)[(a+b)+\frac{1}{2}]\)
\(=(a+b)[(a+\frac{1}{4})+(b+\frac{1}{4})]\geq 2\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})=2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{4}$
Ta có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
Từ đó ta có
\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge4ab+\frac{a+b}{2}\)
Ta cần chứng minh
\(4ab+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8ab+a+b-4a\sqrt{b}-4b\sqrt{a}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4ab-4a\sqrt{b}+a\right)+\left(4ab-4b\sqrt{a}+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(2\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\)ĐPCM là đúng
\(\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\)
áp dụng BDT CAUCHY SCHAWRZ
\(=>\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+2bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac+2ac+2ab+2bc}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=1\)
cái chỗ bđt cauchy là bđt gì bạn có thể ghi cụ thể nó ra được ko ạ
\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+2ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+2ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+2bc}>=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)>=1
\(P=\dfrac{4a^2}{4b+2c}+\dfrac{4b^2}{4a+2c}+\dfrac{c^2}{4a+4b}\ge\dfrac{\left(2a+2b+c\right)^2}{8a+8b+4c}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(2a+2b+c\right)^2}{4\left(2a+2b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(2a+2b+c\right)\)
\(\dfrac{bc}{a+b+c+a}\le\dfrac{bc}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\\ \dfrac{ac}{b+c+a+b}\le\dfrac{ac}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\\ \dfrac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\dfrac{ab}{4}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{a+b}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ac}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\left(\dfrac{bc}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\left(\dfrac{ac}{4}+\dfrac{ab}{4}\right)\\ =\dfrac{1}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\cdot\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{4}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\cdot\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{b}{4}+\dfrac{a}{4}\\ =\dfrac{a+b+c}{4}\left(đfcm\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2b+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b}{b}}=2a\\b^2c+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c}{c}}=2b\\c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c^2a}{a}}=2c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge a+b+c\) ( đpcm )
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si ta có:
\(a^2b+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge2\sqrt{a^2b\times\dfrac{1}{b}}=2a\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:\(a^2b=\dfrac{1}{b}\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2=1\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
Vậy a^2b+1/b\(\ge2a\)