Cho E = \(\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{7}{3^2}+\dfrac{10}{3^3}+......+\dfrac{3n+1}{3^n}\)với n là số tự nhiên khác 0. Cứng minh rằng E < \(\dfrac{11}{4}\)
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Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{4}{n-1}+\dfrac{6}{n-1}-\dfrac{3}{n-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{4+6-3}{n-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{n-1}\)
Để A là số tự nhiên thì \(7⋮n-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(7\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{1;7\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{2;8\right\}\)
Vậy: \(n\in\left\{2;8\right\}\)
ta có B=2n+9/n+2-3n+5n+1/n+2=4n+10/n+2 Để B là STN thì 4n+10⋮n+2 4n+8+2⋮n+2 4n+8⋮n+2 ⇒2⋮n+2 n+2∈Ư(2) Ư(2)={1;2} Vậy n=0
Gọi Ư(n+1;2n+3) = d ( \(d\in\)N*)
\(n+1=2n+2\left(1\right);2n+3\left(2\right)\)
Lấy (2 ) - (1) ta được : \(2n+3-2n+2=1⋮d\Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Gọi Ư\(\left(3n+2;5n+3\right)=d\)( d \(\in\)N*)
\(3n+2=15n+10\left(1\right);5n+3=15n+9\left(2\right)\)
Lấy (!) - (2) ta được : \(15n+10-15n-9=1⋮d\Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
a) Gọi \(d\) là UCLN \(\left(n+1,2n+3\right)\left(d\in N\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}n+1⋮d\\2n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2n+2⋮d\\2n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+3-\left(2n+2\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Gọi \(d\) là \(UCLN\left(2n+3,4n+8\right)\left(d\in N\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2n+3⋮d\\4n+8⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4n+6⋮d\\4n+8⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow4n+8-\left(4n+6\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow2⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d\in\left\{1;2\right\}\)
Mà 2n+3 là số lẻ nên
\(\Rightarrow d=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
c) Gọi \(d\) là \(UCLN\left(3n+2;5n+3\right)\left(d\in N\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3n+2⋮d\\5n+3⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}15n+10⋮d\\15n+9⋮d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow15n+10-\left(15n+9\right)⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\left(đpcm\right)\)
Gọi Ư( n+1; 2 n+3 ) = d ( d∈N* )
n +1 = 2n + 2 (1) ; 2n+3*) (2)
Lấy (2 ) - (1) ta được : 2n + 3 - 2n + 2 = 1:d => d =1
vậy ta có đpcm
gọi Ư ( 3n + 2 ; 5n + 3 ) = d ( d∈N* )
3n +2 = 15 n + 10 (1) ; 5n + 3 =15n + 9 (2)
lấy (!) - (2) ta được 15n + 10 - 15n - 9 = 1:d => d = 1
Vậy ta có đpcm
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Do đó:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
\(VT=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}< 1\) (đpcm)
b: =>\(\dfrac{2}{2}+\dfrac{2}{6}+\dfrac{2}{12}+...+\dfrac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{200}{101}\)
=>\(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{100}{101}\)
=>1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/n-1/n+1=100/101
=>1-1/(n+1)=100/101
=>1/(n+1)=1/101
=>n+1=101
=>n=100
\(a=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(b=\lim\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{3+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2-3\right)}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+n}{2n^2-6}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2-\dfrac{6}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(d=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=1\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\)