Cho 2 số thực dương a, b thỏa mãn a+b\(\le\)1
a) B=\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+4ab\)
b) C=\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3}+\frac{1}{a^2b}+\frac{1}{ab^2}\)
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Bài 1 :
Với x , y > ta chứng minh :
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+c+b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{4ab}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{4bc}{b+c+2a}\le\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c};\frac{4ca}{c+a+2b}\le\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b}\)
Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức trên vế theo vế ta được :
\(4\left(\frac{ab}{a+b+2c}+\frac{bc}{b+c+2a}+\frac{ca}{c+a+2b}\right)\le\frac{bc+ca}{a+b}+\frac{ab+ca}{b+c}+\frac{ab+bc}{a+c}=c+a+b\)
\(\RightarrowĐpcm\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Bài 2 :
\(Q=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{2102ab+1}{ab}+4ab=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\left(4ab+\frac{1}{4ab}\right)+\frac{1}{4ab}+2012\)
Áp dụng BĐT : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y};\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\) ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{4}{1}=4\)
\(\left(4ab+\frac{1}{4ab}\right)^2\ge4.4ab.\frac{1}{4ab}=4\Rightarrow4ab+\frac{1}{4ab}\ge2\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{4}{1}=4\Rightarrow\frac{1}{4ab}\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge4+2+1+2012=2019\)
Dấu " = " xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{1+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{1+c^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+c^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
1 .
Từ gt : \(2ab+6bc+2ac=7abc\)và \(a,b,c>0\)
Chia cả hai vế cho abc > 0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{c}+\frac{6}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=7\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a},y=\frac{1}{b},z=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\2z+6x+2y=7\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó : \(C=\frac{4ab}{a+2b}+\frac{9ac}{a+4c}+\frac{4bc}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{4}{2x+y}+\frac{9}{4x+z}+\frac{4}{y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{4}{2x+y}+2x+y+\frac{9}{4x+z}+4x+z+\frac{4}{y+z}+y+z\)\(-\left(2x+y+4x+z+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x+2y}}-\sqrt{x+2y}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{4x+z}}-\sqrt{4x+z}\right)^2\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{y+z}}-\sqrt{y+z}\right)^2+17\ge17\)
Khi \(x=\frac{1}{2},y=z=1\)thì \(C=17\)
Vậy GTNN của C là 17 khi a =2; b =1; c = 1
2 .
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :\(1+b^2\ge2b\)nên
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\)
\(\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}\ge a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}\ge b+1-\frac{bc+c}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge c+1-\frac{ca+a}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế (1), (2) và (3) ta được:
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3+\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\left(^∗\right)\)
Mặt khác : \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(^∗\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}=\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\le\frac{1}{2ab+2b+2}=\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)
Tương tự CM được:
\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\) và \(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}+\frac{b}{abc+ab+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{ab}{b+1+ab}+\frac{b}{1+ab+b}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\cdot1=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1
A=\(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\)+\(\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\)
ta có: \(\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\)=\(\frac{1}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2}\)\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}\)
vì : a2+b2\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{a^2b^2}\)=2ab
b2+1\(\ge\)2\(\sqrt{b^2x1}\)=2b
cmtt => A\(\le\)\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{bc+c+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{ca+a+1}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x(\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab^2c+abc+ab}\)+\(\frac{b}{cba+ab+b}\))
=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x (\(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{ab}{ab+b+1}\)+\(\frac{b}{ab+b+1}\))=\(\frac{1}{2}\)x\(\frac{ab+b+1}{ab+b+1}\)=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{3a}\)
\(CMTT\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+b^2\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{3b}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{3c}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{3c}\)\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\left(a,b,c>0\right)\).
Với \(a,b>0\), ta có:
\(\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3-1\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3-a+1\ge0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+1\ge a\).
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3+ab+2\ge ab+a+1\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}\ge\sqrt{ab+a+1}\).
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}\left(1\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(b,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}\left(2\right)\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=1\).
Chứng minh tương tự (với \(a,c>0\)), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+a+1}}\left(3\right)\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow c=1\).
Từ \(\left(1\right),\left(2\right),\left(3\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\left(4\right)\).
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki cho 3 số, ta được:
\(\left(1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+1.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le\)\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\)\(\left[\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ab+a+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{bc+b+1}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{ca+c+1}\right)^2}\right]\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\)\(\le3\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\right)\).
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{c}{abc+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{bc+b+abc}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{abc}{b\left(c+1+ac\right)}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)(vì \(abc=1\)).
\(=\frac{c}{1+ac+c}+\frac{ac}{1+ac+c}+\frac{1}{1+ac+c}=1\).
Do đó:
\(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\right)^2\le3.1=3\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca+c+1}}\le\sqrt{3}\left(5\right)\).
Từ \(\left(4\right)\)và \(\left(5\right)\), ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\le\)\(\sqrt{3}\)(điều phải chứng minh).
Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\).
Vậy \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^4-a^3+ab+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^4-b^3+bc+2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^4-c^3+ca+2}}\)\(\le\sqrt{3}\)với \(a,b,c>0\)và \(abc=1\).
\(+2\)nhé, không phải \(-2\)đâu.
Dat A la bieu thuc cho truoc ve trai
tu gia thiet => a(b+c)=3-bc
ta co: 1+a^2(b+c)= 1+a.a.(b+c) = 1+a.(3-bc) = 1+3a-abc
cmtt ta co : 1+b^2(a+c)=1+b.b(a+c)=1+3b-abc
Va: 1+c^2(a+b)=1+3c-abc
Ap dung bdt Cosi cho 3 so ta co
ab+ac+bc >= 3.can bac 3(a^2.b^2.c^2)
=> 3>= 3.can bac 3(a^2.b^2.c^2)
=> a^2.b^2.c^2<=1
=> abc<=1
=> 1+3a-abc>=3a
cmtt 1+3b-abc>=3b
1+3c-abc>=3c
=> A<=1/3a+1/3b+1/3c=(bc+ac+ab)/3abc=1/abc
cho 2 số thực a , b phân biệt thỏa mãn a^2 +3a=b^2 +3b=2
c/m: a, a+b=-3 b,a^3+b^3=-45
B3 mk tìm đc cách giải r nhưng bạn nào muốn thì trả lời cg đc
Các bạn giải giúp mình B2 và B5 nhé. Mấy bài kia mình giải được rồi.
a)\(B=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{ab}+4ab=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+8ab-4ab\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(B=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+8ab-4ab\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2ab}\cdot8ab}-\left(a+b\right)^2=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b=1\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_B=7\) khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b)\(C\ge\frac{1}{1-3ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{4}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{16}{1-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{4}}\ge16+4=20\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b=1\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(Min_C=20\) khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
thanks