cho a,b,c>0 và a+b+c=3
Tìm Max A=\(\sqrt{2a+b+1}+\sqrt{2b+c+1}+\sqrt{2c+a+1}\)
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Trước hết ta chứng minh BĐT quen thuộc:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{1}{9}.3\sqrt[3]{a.b.c}.3\sqrt[3]{ab.bc.ca}\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(A^2=\left(\sqrt{a+c}.\sqrt{\frac{2a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{a+b}.\sqrt{\frac{2b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{b+c}\sqrt{\frac{2c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\le\left(a+c+a+b+b+c\right)\left(\frac{2a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{2b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{2c}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\le\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=9\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le3\)
\(A_{max}=3\) khi \(a=b=c\)
Lời giải:
Với $a,b,c>0$ dễ thấy $0< \frac{a}{a+2b}< 1$
$\Rightarrow 0< \sqrt{\frac{a}{a+2b}}< 1$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{\frac{a}{a+2b}}> \frac{a}{a+2b}$
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế suy ra:
$\text{VT}> \frac{a}{a+2b}+\frac{b}{b+2c}+\frac{c}{c+2a}$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{a}{a+2b}+\frac{b}{b+2c}+\frac{c}{c+2a}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+2ba+b^2+2cb+c^2+2ac}=1$
Do đó $\text{VT}>1$ (đpcm)
Sử dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(VT=\sum\limits_{cyc} \sqrt{\frac{a}{a+2b}} =\sum\limits_{cyc} \frac{a}{\sqrt{a(a+2b}}\geq \sum\limits_{cyc} \frac{2a}{2(a+b)}\)
\(=\sum\limits_{cyc} \frac{a^2}{a^2 +ab} \ge \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca} >\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca} = 1\) (đpcm)
P/s: Em không chắc lắm.
Bài 2:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{81}}\cdot P=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(a+2b\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(b+2c\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{9\cdot9\cdot\left(c+2a\right)}}\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{a+2b+9+9}+\frac{3}{b+2c+9+9}+\frac{3}{c+2a+9+9}\ge3\left(\frac{9}{3a+3b+3c+54}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt[3]{3}\)
Dấu bằng xẩy ra khi a=b=c=3
Bài 1:
\(ab+bc+ca=5abc\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=5\)
Theo bđt côsi-shaw ta luôn có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge\frac{25}{x+y+z+t+k}\)(x=y=z=t=k>0 ) (*)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z+t+k\ge5\sqrt[5]{xyztk}\\\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\frac{1}{xyztk}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z+t+k\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow\)(*) luôn đúng
Từ (*) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{1}{k}\right)\le\frac{1}{x+y+z+t+k}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}+\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2a+2b+c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+b+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a+2b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+b+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b+2c}=\frac{1}{a+a+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{25}\left[5.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le1\left(đpcm\right)\)Dấu"="xảy ra khi a=b=c\(=\frac{3}{5}\)
Với 2 số thực x,y>0, ta có:
\(x^3+y^3-x^2y-xy^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\). Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y\).
Do đó: \(x^3+y^3\ge x^2y+xy^2\Leftrightarrow4x^3+4y^3\ge\left(x+y\right)^3\Leftrightarrow x+y\le\sqrt[3]{4x^3+4y^3}\)Áp dụng bđt vừa cm, ta có: \(S=\sqrt[3]{2a+b}+\sqrt[3]{2b+c}+\sqrt[3]{2c+d}+\sqrt[3]{2d+a}\le\sqrt[3]{8a+12b+4c}+\sqrt[3]{8c+12d+4a}\le\sqrt[3]{48a+48b+48c+48d}=\sqrt[3]{48}\)(vì a+b+c+d=1)
Dấu bằng xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=d=\dfrac{1}{4}\)(vì a+b+c+d=1)
Bn ơi 3x3 + 3y3 vào cả 2 vế thì 4x3 + 4y3 > 3x3 + 3y3 + x2y + xy2 k phải là (x + y)3
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{\sqrt{2a+b+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2b+c+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2c+a+1}}=A\\\sqrt{2a+b+1}+\sqrt{2b+c+1}+\sqrt{2c+a+1}=B\end{cases}}\)(thật ra cx ko cần đặt,mk đặt làm cho gọn hơn thôi ^^)
Cauchy-Schwarz: \(A\ge\frac{9}{B}\)
Xét: \(B^2\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2a+b+1+2b+c+1+2c+a+1\right)=36\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le6\)
\(A\ge\frac{9}{B}\ge\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki :
\(A^2=\left(1.\sqrt{2a+b+1}+1.\sqrt{2b+c+1}+1.\sqrt{2c+a+1}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2a+b+1+2b+c+1+2c+a+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\le3.3\left(a+b+c+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\le36\Rightarrow A\le6\) (Vì A > 0)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{2a+b+1}=\sqrt{2b+c+1}=\sqrt{2c+a+1}\\a+b+c=3\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy A đạt giá trị lớn nhất bằng 6 tại a = b = c = 1
hay