Cho n ∈ N. Chứng minh rằng:
a) 5n+2 + 26.5n + 82n+1 ⋮ 59.
b) ( 42n - 32n - 7 ) ⋮ 168 ( n ≥ 1 ).
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\(1,A=5^{n+2}+26\cdot5^n+8^{2n+1}\\ A=5^n\cdot25+26\cdot5^n+8\cdot8^{2n+1}\\ A=51\cdot5^n+8\cdot64^n\)
Ta có \(64:59R5\Rightarrow64^n:59R5\)
Vì vậy \(51\cdot5^n+8\cdot64^n:59R=5^n\cdot51+8\cdot5^n=5^n\left(51+8\right)=5^n\cdot59⋮59\)
Vậy \(A⋮59\)
(\(R\) là dư)
\(2,\\ a,2x\ge0;\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{2x}\ge0\\ P_{min}=0\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
cho hỏi là x=-2 thì x đâu còn \(\ge\) 0 nữa
Bài 5:
b: Ta có: \(n+6⋮n+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n+2\in\left\{2;4\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{0;2\right\}\)
c: Ta có: \(3n+1⋮n-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-2\in\left\{-1;1;7\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{1;3;9\right\}\)
(3n-5)(2n+1)+7(n-1)=6n2-7n-5+7n-7
=6n2-12
=3(2n-4)
=>(3n-5)(2n+1)+7(n-1) chia hết cho 3, với mọi n
(n-4)(5n+3)-(n+1)(5n-2)+4=5n2-17n-12-(5n2+3n-2)
=5n2-17n-12-5n2-3n+2
=-20n-10
=5(-4n-2)
=>(n-4)(5n+3)-(n+1)(5n-2)+4 chia hết cho 5, với mọi n
\(a,d=ƯCLN\left(5n+2;2n+1\right)\\ \Rightarrow2\left(5n+2\right)⋮d;5\left(2n+1\right)⋮d\\ \Rightarrow\left[5\left(2n+1\right)-2\left(5n+2\right)\right]⋮d\\ \Rightarrow-1⋮d\Rightarrow d=1\)
Suy ra ĐPCM
Cmtt với c,d
\(b=\left(n^2-n\right)\left(n+1\right)\)
\(=\left(n\cdot n-n\cdot1\right)\left(n+1\right)\)
\(=\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)\)
Vì n-1;n;n+1 là ba số nguyên liên tiếp
nên \(\left(n-1\right)\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮3!\)
=>b chia hết cho 6
\(c=5n^2+5n\)
\(=5n\cdot n+5n\cdot1\)
\(=5n\left(n+1\right)\)
n;n+1 là hai số nguyên liên tiếp
=>\(n\left(n+1\right)⋮2\)
=>\(c=5\cdot n\cdot\left(n+1\right)⋮5\cdot2=10\)
a) \(5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}=25.5^n+26.6^n+8.8^{2n}\)
\(=5^n.51+8.64^n\)
Có \(64\equiv5\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow64^n\equiv5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow8.64^n\equiv8.5^n\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\) (mod 59)
mà \(8.5^n+5^n.51=59.5^n\)\(\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^n.51+8.64^n\equiv8.5^n+5^n.51\equiv0\) (mod 59)
\(\Rightarrow5^{n+2}+26.5^n+8^{2n+1}⋮59\)
b) \(4^{2n}-3^{2n}-7=16^n-9^n-7\)
Có \(16^n-9^n-7=\left(16-9\right)\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7=7\left(16^{n-1}+...+9^{n-1}\right)-7⋮\)\(7\) (I)
Có \(16\equiv1\) (mod 3) \(\Rightarrow16^n\equiv1\) (mod 3) mà \(7\equiv1\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-7\equiv0\) (mod 3) mà \(9^n\equiv0\) (mod 3)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮3\) (II)
Có \(9^n\equiv1\) (mod 8)\(\Rightarrow9^n+7\equiv8\) (mod 8)
\(\Rightarrow9^n+7⋮8\) mà \(16^n=2^n.8^n⋮8\)
\(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮8\) (III)
Do \(\left(3;7;8\right)=1\)\(,3.7.8=168\)
Từ (I) (II) (III) \(\Rightarrow16^n-9^n-7⋮168\)
\(\Rightarrow\) Đpcm
a) 5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n5n+2+26.5n+82n+1=25.5n+26.6n+8.82n
=5n.51+8.64n=5n.51+8.64n
Có 64≡564≡5 (mod 59)
⇒64n≡5n⇒64n≡5n (mod 59)
⇒8.64n≡8.5n⇒8.64n≡8.5n (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51 (mod 59)
mà 8.5n+5n.51=59.5n8.5n+5n.51=59.5n≡0≡0 (mod 59)
⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0⇒5n.51+8.64n≡8.5n+5n.51≡0 (mod 59)