Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức
A= 3 |2x-1| +3
B = 1/ 2 |x-1| +3
Dấu " / "là biểu thị phân số
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Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) Ta có: \(C=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x(x+5)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) Ta có: \(x^2+5y^2-2xy+4y+3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
a: \(M=x^2-10x+3\)
\(=x^2-10x+25-22\)
\(=\left(x^2-10x+25\right)-22\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2-22>=-22\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-5=0
=>x=5
b: \(N=x^2-x+2\)
\(=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}>=\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1/2=0
=>x=1/2
c: \(P=3x^2-12x\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-2\right)^2-12>=-12\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
\(A=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)+10=\left(2x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\)
\(A_{min}=10\) khi \(2x+1=0\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
\(B_{min}=-36\) khi \(x^2+5x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4x+4\right)+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(11-x\right)^2\)
\(=x^2-6x+9+x^2-22x+121\)
\(=2x^2-28x+130\)
\(=2\left(x^2-14x+49+16\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\ge32\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=7
\(A=x-1+\dfrac{9}{x-1}+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}}+4=10\)
\(A_{min}=10\) khi \(x=4\)
\(A=x+\frac{9}{x-1}+3\Leftrightarrow x-1+\frac{9}{x-1}+3\)
Áp dụng cosi 2 số đầu ta được :
\(x-1+\frac{9}{x-1}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\frac{9}{x-1}}=6\)
Dễ dàng suy ra : \(A\ge3+6=9\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra <=> \(x-1=\frac{9}{x-1}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=9\)
TH1 : \(x-1=3\Leftrightarrow x=4\)( chọn )
TH2 : \(x-1=-3\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)( bỏ vì x > 1 ) theo giả thiết
Vậy GTNN A là 9 <=> x = 4
\(1.\)
\(-17-\left(x-3\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-3\right)^2\le0\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow17-\left(x-3\right)^2\le17\)với \(\forall x\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi:
\(\left(x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy \(Max=-17\)khi \(x=3\)
\(2.\)
\(A=x\left(x+1\right)+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=x^2+x+\frac{3}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\)
\(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\ge\frac{5}{4}\)với \(\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{5}{4}\ge\frac{5}{4}\)với \(\forall x\)
Vậy \(Max=\frac{5}{4}\)khi \(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)
*\(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=2x-1\)
\(D=\left(2x-1\right)^2-3\left(2x-1\right)+2=\left(2x-1\right)^2-2.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(2x-1\right)+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(2x-1-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(2x-\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\)\(D_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{4}\left(1\right)\)
*\(x< \dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left|2x-1\right|=-2x+1\)
\(D=\left(2x-1\right)^2+3\left(2x-1\right)+2=\left(2x-1\right)^2+2.\dfrac{3}{2}\left(2x-1\right)+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(2x-1+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}=\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\)\(D_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\left(2\right)\)
-Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(D_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{\dfrac{5}{4};\dfrac{-1}{4}\right\}\)