Câu 19: Cho a, b, c là các số thực sao cho:
( a+b+c)(ab+bc+ca)=2020 và abc=1=2020.
Tính P=(b2c+2020)(c2a+2020)(a2b+2020).
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\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^{2020}+1}{a^{2020}+a^{2020}+a^{2020}+3}=\frac{a^{2020}+1}{3\left(a^{2020}+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(a^4+b^4+a^4+a^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^{12}b^4}=4a^3b\)
\(a^4+b^4+b^4+b^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^4b^{12}}=4ab^3\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge4\left(a^3b+ab^3\right)\Rightarrow a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(F=\Sigma\frac{ab}{a^4+b^4+ab}\le\Sigma\frac{ab}{a^3b+ab^3+ab}=\Sigma\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}=\Sigma\frac{2}{2a^2+2b^2+2}\)
\(\le\Sigma\frac{1}{ab+a+b}\)
Đến đây bí :(
Ta có: \(2020+c^2=ab+bc+ca+c^2=\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Tương tự => \(2020+a^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
và \(2020+b^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
=> PT = \(\frac{a-b}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{b-c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\) = \(\frac{a^2-b^2+b^2-c^2+c^2-a^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\) = 0
thay 2020 = abc vào biểu thức A ta được :
\(A=\frac{2020a}{ab+2020a+2020}+\frac{b}{bc+b+2020}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{abc.a}{ab+abc.a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+abc}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{abc.a}{ab\left(1+ac+c\right)}+\frac{b}{b\left(c+1+ac\right)}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{ac}{ac+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+c+1}+\frac{c}{ac+c+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{ac+1+c}{ac+c+1}=1\)
VẬy A=1
\(M=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+2020\right)\left(b^2+2020\right)}{c^2+2020}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+ab+bc+ac\right)\left(b^2+ab+bc+ac\right)}{c^2+ab+bc+ac}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\)
\(=a+b\) là 1 số hữu tỉ
=> M là 1 số hữu tỉ (đpcm)
? abc=? (1 hay 2020)
abc=2020